In Harm's Way? Domestic Violence, AFDC Receipt, and Welfare Reform in Massachusetts
This paper explores the prevalence of domestic violence among the population of women receiving welfare in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Social Policy • February 1997

The Cost of Children and the Welfare State
This paper discusses the results from a study on the financial cost of children and the welfare, tax provisions, and income support for families with children in the UK.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Joseph Rowntree Foundation • December 1995

Does the Loss of Welfare Income Increase the Risk of Involvement with the Child Welfare System?
This paper demonstrates that a decline in welfare benefits is associated with an increased likelihood of a family's involvement with the child welfare system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Joint Center for Poverty Research • January 01, 1999

Disadvantage Among Families Remaining on Welfare
This paper examines the characteristics of welfare recipients throughout the last decades of the twentieth century, and analyses changes that occurred as a result of the 1996 welfare reforms.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • February 2002

Children's Welfare Exposure and Subsequent Development
This paper looks at the extent of children's exposure to the welfare system through maternal receipt of financial assistance, and how it impacts child development outcomes.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • January 2000

Welfare Reform and Household Saving
This paper examines the effectiveness of savings incentives that were implemented as part of welfare reform in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • July 2001

Gender Inequality in Poverty in Affluent Nations: The Role of Single Motherhood and the State
This paper discusses gender differences in poverty in the United States, Australia, Canada, France, West Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • January 05, 2000

Maternal Work Behavior Under Welfare Reform: How Does the Transition From Welfare to Work Affect Child Development?
This paper examines the impact that the transitions from welfare to work have on parenting style and child behavior.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • May 2002

Welfare Reform and Migration: Moving to Benefits; Moving From Restrictions
This report discusses the impact of state differentiated welfare reform policies on the migration patterns of American families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • December 2002

Before and After Welfare Reform: The Work and Well-Being of Low-Income Single Parent Families
This paper addresses the income, employment characteristics, financial status, and demographic trends in poor homes both before and after welfare reform.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Women’s Policy Research • June 01, 2003

Mother's Employment and the Use of Childcare in the United Kingdom
This paper investigates current childcare policies in the United Kingdom and explores the relationship between childcare and maternal employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Institute for Fiscal Studies • October 01, 2001

Eradicating Child Poverty in Britain: Welfare Reform and Children since 1997
Child poverty has become a social concern in Great Britain due to the growth of single-parent homes, earning inequalities, and unemployment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Institute For Fiscal Studies • May 03, 2001

Low-Wage Maternal Employment and Outcomes for Children: A Study
This article reveals the results of national study to determine how children are affected by policies which put mothers who are on welfare into the workforce.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Future of Children • Spring 1997

Reforms and Child Development
This article looks at the effects of welfare programs on children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Future of Children • 2002

Welfare Reform and Child Care Options for Low-Income Families
This article argues that low-income children need access to high-quality child care as it is associated with many developmental benefits.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Future of Children • 2002

The One Hundred Billion Dollar Man The Annual Public Costs of Father Absence
This study provides an estimate of taxpayer costs in the US, in support of homes in which the father is absent.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Fatherhood Initiative • 2008

Dynamic Benefits Towards welfare that works
This executive summary provides highlights from a report on the rise of poverty and worklessness in the United Kingdom.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Centre for Social Justice • 2009

Work, Income and Material Hardship After Welfare Reform
This report examines the employment trends, income, and material hardship of women who have previously been on welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Gerald Ford School of Public Policy • October 1999 (Revised January 2000)

Welfare Reform: Adolescent Girls in Transition - A One Year Follow-up Study
This follow-up study looks at the characteristics and outcomes of adolescent girls in welfare-reliant families that are affected by welfare reforms.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute • June 2003

Welfare Reform: Adolescent Girls in Transition
This paper looks at the characteristics and outcomes of adolescent girls in welfare-reliant families affected by welfare reforms.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute • June 2002

The Value of Family: Fiscal Benefits of Marriage and Reducing Family Breakdown in New Zealand
This report examines the private and social costs of divorce and family breakdown in New Zealand.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• NZIER, Family First New Zealand • 2008

Does it Pay to Work?
This paper investigates the actual economic benefit of employment and finds that high rates of taxation are creating disincentives to work.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Policy Analysis • November 2002

A Closer Look at Changes in Children’s Living Arrangements in Low-Income Families
This paper examines changes in the living arrangements of American children between 1999 and 2001, and discusses the stability of various family structures and their impact on child well-being.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Johns Hopkins University • February 20, 2000

The Self-Sufficiency Project at 36 Months: Effects on Children of a Program that Increased Parental Employment and Income
This paper reports the effects of a welfare-to-work program for the participants' children including effects on their income, ...
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Social Research and Demonstration Corporation • June 01, 2000

Beyond Job Search or Basic Education: Rethinking the Role of Skills in Welfare Reform
This paper argues that a combination of skills, training, and job search assistance is the best approach to helping welfare recipients return to and stay at work.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • April 01, 1998

Teens and TANF: How Adolescents Fare Under the Nation’s Welfare Program
This paper describes the history, main provisions, and impact of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), a welfare program focusing on financial assistance and employment for families living in poverty.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation • December 01, 2003

Child Support—an Important but Often Overlooked Issue for Low-Income Clients
This article describes the importance of child support, the child support enforcement system, the cooperation requirements for state financial assistance, and the allocation of the collected support.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Centre for Law and Social Policy • November 01, 2002

How Children Fare in Welfare Experiments Appears to Hinge on Income
This paper examines the impact of various welfare-to-work programs on children's emotional, behavioural, and educational outcomes.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Children’s Defense Fund • August 22, 2001

Family Ties: Improving Paternity Establishment Practices and Procedures for Low-Income Mothers, Fathers, and Children
This paper discusses the legal context of paternity establishment within the framework of welfare reform in the United States, and examines low-income mothers' and fathers' perspectives on paternity establishment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Women's Law Center, Center on Fathers, Families, and Public Policy • 2000

Welfare Reform and Beyond: Making Work Work
This book examines the 1996 welfare reform and its effect on employment levels, focusing specifically on the impact welfare work regulations have on income, dependency, and state expenditures on social services.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Committee for Economic Development • 2000

Building a Future Together: Issues and Outcomes for Transition-Aged Youth
The paper examines the risk factors youth face when leaving the child welfare system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Centres of Excellence for Children’s Well-Being • 2006

Substance Abuse and Women on Welfare
This paper examines the incidence of substance abuse by women in welfare assistance programs, and finds that women receiving financial aid are nearly twice as likely to be addicted to alcohol and illegal drugs as those who are not receiving assistance.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University • June 1994

Tackling the Human Deficit: Investing in Children & Families in Ontario
This paper discusses child poverty in Ontario and makes nine recommendations for a poverty agenda.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Campaign 2000 • February 10, 2004

Work and Family Directions in the US and Australia: A Policy Research Agenda
This paper provides a comparative analysis of work and family issues in the United States and Australia, and it offers proposals for further research and study in this field.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research • July 2002

Simulating the Behavioural Effects of Welfare Reforms among Sole Parents in Australia
This paper uses simulation techniques to compare the effects of actual and hypothetical welfare policies on the employment decisions of single parents in Australia.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research • June 2001

The Growth of Jobless Households in Australia
This paper examines household and individual rates of unemployment in Australia in the 1990s.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research • May 2001

Marriage and Welfare Reform: The Overwhelming Evidence That Marriage Education Works
This research brief summarizes the results of 29 peer-reviewed social science journal articles which show that marriage education in the United States has had a positive impact on the nation's marital unions.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC • October 25, 2002

Work, Welfare, and Family Well-Being
This paper examined how post-welfare employment affects parental self-esteem, parenting skills, health and stress levels.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mathematica Policy Research • July 13, 2007

Fragile Families and Welfare Reform: An Introduction
This working paper assesses the effectiveness of welfare reforms in the United States by first considering four key areas of family life and income: the capabilities and resources of parents on welfare, the nature of parents' relationship, the involvement of fathers with their children and the nature of the local policy and labour markets.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • January 8, 2002

Do Mandatory Welfare-to-Work Programs Affect the Well-Being of Children? A Synthesis of Child Research Conducted as Part of the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies
This report examines the two-year effects of federally mandated welfare-to-work programs on the children of single mothers who returned to the labour force.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • June 2000

Low Income Cut-Offs for 2008 and Low Income Measures for 2007.
This publication incorporates a detailed description of how low income cut-offs are updated and how low income measures are decided upon.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Statistics Canada • June 2009

Quarterly Demographic Estimates: April to September 2008
This report is a demographic report looking at Canada's population growth during the 3rd quarter of 2008.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Statistics Canada • September 2008

The Effect of Welfare and Child Support Policies on Union Formation
This paper investigates the effect that changing child support enforcement and welfare benefit eligibility policies have on family formation.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • June 2002/October 2003

How Different ARE Welfare and Working Families? And Do Those Differences Matter for Children's Achievement
This paper examines differences between welfare reliant, low-income, and middle class families in terms of mental health, time use, household management, spending, parenting, and child achievement.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • May 20, 1998

Substance Use Among Welfare Recipients: Trends and Policy Responses
This paper discusses trends in the prevalence of substance use and abuse among welfare recipients, and shows that while about 20% of recipients report recent use, only a small number can be classified as dependent.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Population Studies Center • 2002

Welfare Reform, Fertility, and Father Involvement
This article examines the unique role that fathers play in their children's lives, and demonstrates that public policies have considerable influence on childbearing patterns and a father's involvement with his children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Future of Children • 2002

The Effect of Child Support on Welfare Entries and Exits
This paper demonstrates that child support payments effectively enable many young mothers to stay off of welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • September 2000

The Effects of Children with Disabilities on Mothers' Exit from Welfare
This paper examines the effect of child disability on single mothers' ability to leave welfare and return to work.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • September 20-21, 2001

Barriers to the Employment of Welfare Recipients
This paper studies the extent to which welfare-reliant single mothers experience barriers to employment such as poor physical or mental health, domestic violence, a lack of transportation, low skill, and substance abuse problems.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Population Studies Center • June 2002

Effects of Welfare Reform on Teenage Parents and their Children
This article discusses the effectiveness of the Teenage Parent Welfare Demonstration, a welfare-to-work program for teenage mothers.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Future of Children • Summer/Fall 1995

Public Attitudes Toward Low-Income Families and Children: Circumstances Dictate Public Views of Government Assistance
This report discusses recent research about public attitudes toward low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • October 2003

CASAWORKS for Families: A Promising Approach to Welfare Reform and Substance-Abusing Women
This paper describes an initiative that provides welfare-dependent women with simultaneous alcohol and drug treatment, literacy training, job skills education, parenthood training, social skills education, family violence prevention, and access to health care.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University • May 01, 2001

Responsible Fatherhood and Welfare: How States Can Use the New Law to Help Children
This report discusses how US state and federal policies can promote responsible fatherhood.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1998

Child Support Distribution and Disbursement
This report reviews the changes to child support distribution that came as a result of the 1996 welfare reform laws in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • October 01, 2000

Child Abuse and Neglect in Indigenous Australian Communities
This paper examines the issue of child abuse and neglect in indigenous Australian communities, and focuses on the historical factors that affect present-day rates of maltreatment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • Spring 2003

Domestic Violence and Economic Well-Being Of Current and Former Welfare Recipients
This study demonstrates that domestic violence may affect women's job stability and, as a result, their income and ability to provide for themselves.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Michigan Program on Poverty and Social Welfare Policy • June 28, 2002

Support Services for Incarcerated and Released Non-Custodial Parents
This paper discusses the challenges faced by incarcerated and newly released non-custodial parents who are expected to continue to make child support payments.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Welfare Information Network • June 01, 2000

Life Sentences: Denying Welfare Benefits to Women Convicted of Drug Offenses
This study discusses the policy of denying welfare benefits to women released from prison after incarceration for a drug offence, and examines the impact that this has on their families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Sentencing Project • February 01, 2002

Does it Pay Both Spouses to Work?
This paper explores the economic benefit of having both spouses employed and contributing to the household income.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Policy Analysis • May 2003

Little Crèche on the Prairies
This backgrounder compares child care in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta on coverage, quality and treatment of for-profit and non-profit day care.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Frontier Centre for Public Policy • May 2009

You’re Hired!
This paper outlines the benefit of employing ex-offenders including reducing recidivism, and costs to taxpayers.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Policy Exchange • September 2008

Is it Just Tax? The shaping of our society
The paper examines the values of justice, compassion and freedom in the New Zealand tax system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Maxim Institute • October 2008

Breakthrough Britain: Economic Dependence and Worklessness (ie: Unemployment)
This continuation of the Breakthrough Britain series examines the situation in Britain with respect to unemployment (which the report calls worklessness) and unemployment benefits.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Centre for Social Justice • July 2007

Child Poverty Profile 1998
This report offers a statistical analysis of child poverty in Canada in 1998 as compared to previous years, and considers various factors associated with child poverty.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Council of Welfare • 2000

You’re Hired!
This paper outlines the benefit of employing ex-offenders including reducing recidivism, and costs to taxpayers.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Policy Exchange • September 2008

The Welfare Enigma: Explaining the Dramatic Decline in Canadian’s Use of Social Assistance, 1993-2005
This paper uses nationwide empirical evidence to determine the factors behind a decline in the use of social assistance in Canada from 1993 to 2005.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• C.D. Howe Institute • June 2008

Welfare Reform: What About the Children?
This paper explores the development and behaviour of children on welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Johns Hopkins University • January 2002

Baby Steps Toward Self-funded Parental Leave
The author argues that Australia should move towards a self-funded parental leave system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Centre for Independent Studies • September 18, 2008

Income Security and Stability During Retirement in Canada
This study utilizes twenty years of longitudinal data to examine income stability among Canadian retirees throughout retirement.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Statistics Canada, Business and Labour Market Analysis Division • March 2008

The Demographic Foundations of Rising Employment and Earnings Among Single Mothers in Canada and the United States, 1980 to 2000
This study reports that employment and earnings of single mothers in Canada and the United States have increased since 1980.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Statistics Canada, Business and Labour Market Analysis Division • March 2008

Alberta's Children: Issues, Programs and Restructuring
This paper discusses child poverty levels in Alberta and evaluates the child tax, welfare, and protection services that the government has adopted to help low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Canada West Foundation • September 8, 1997

Involvement of TANF Applicants with Child Protective Services
This paper demonstrates that many families that apply for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) have also been involved with the child welfare system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • July 01, 2001

"Abstinence Unless Married" Education
This report looks at the abstinence-unless-married education provisions set out in the 1996 reform of the federal welfare law in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • July 01, 1998

A Comparison of Rural and Urban Workers Living in Low-Income
This article compares the characteristics of the Canada’s urban and rural low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Rural Secretariat, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agriculture Division of Statistics Canada • January 2008

Déjà Vu: Family Homelessness in New York City
This report examines the characteristics of children and families who enter shelter services in New York City.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Children and Poverty/Homes for the Homeless • April 2001

Reducing Poverty: What has Worked, and What Should Come Next
This report suggests that Canada’s declining poverty rate and rising employment rate over the last decade have been assisted by positive policy initiatives.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• C.D. Howe Institute • October 2007

Sexuality, Poverty, and the Inner City
This document contains two papers on poverty and sexuality in the inner-city and focuses on teenage sexual relationships and pregnancies, and the impact of increasing numbers of unwed mothers on the welfare system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation • 1994

Sustaining Ontario’s Subsidized Housing by Supporting Non-Profit Organizations
This report examines the role of private non-profit organizations in supporting public housing in Toronto.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Canadian Policy Research Networks, Social Housing Services Corp., York University • August 2007

The State of Religion and Public Life
This presenter rebuts many of the claims made against government funding for services run by faith-based organizations, such ...
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Civic Innovation at the Manhattan Institute • May 21, 2002

Vulnerable Youth: Recent Trends
This report examined the progress of different groups of vulnerable youth including youth who suffer abuse, youth living in foster care, teen mothers and teens in juvenile detention centres.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Child Trends • April 2006

Navigating Family Transitions: Evidence from the General Social Survey 2006
This paper explores life transitions that are common to Canadian families including the birth or adoption of a child, maternal/paternal leave, common-law marriage dissolution, traditional marriage dissolution and families' use of support services during these times of transition.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Statistics Canada • June 13, 2007

The Well-Being of Single-Mother Families After Welfare Reform
This report examines the impact welfare changes had on single mothers in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Brookings Institution • August 2005

Do Children from Welfare Families Obtain Less Education?
This paper presents evidence that children whose parents rely on welfare have significantly lower levels of educational attainment as adults.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • December 01, 2000

Built to Last: Why Skills Matter for Long-Run Success in Welfare Reform
This report discusses the association between education and better jobs, and criticizes the restrictions placed on education by the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families welfare reform program.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • April 01, 2003

Determinants of Welfare Entry and Exit by Young Women
This paper demonstrates that parental reliance on welfare, family and personal attitudes towards education, family structure, academic ability, and ethnicity are all factors that affect the likelihood of welfare dependency and the rate of welfare entry and exit.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • July 01, 1996

Policy Responses to Couple Conflict and Domestic Violence: A Framework for Discussion
This document discusses public policy responses to domestic conflict, such as couple education, coparenting education, programs for abusive partners, and responsible fatherhood programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • February 01, 2002

Has ‘Welfare Dependency’ Increased?
This paper examines changes in the pattern of welfare dependency among women, particularly teen mothers, and looks at factors that contribute to termination of welfare reliance.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • October 01, 1997

Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood: Recent Evidence and Future Directions
This paper gives an overview of trends in teenage pregnancy and birth rates, and of recent research relating to adolescent sexual activity, pregnancy, and parenthood.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago • October 1997

Disability Risk and Income Security for Workers: A Stressed Support System in Need of Innovation
This report suggests that household incomes for working-aged disabled people have been dropping over the previous two decades as the babyboom generation has aged and healthcare costs have increased.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Cornell University Institute for Policy Research • January 2007

Need for and Use of Family Leave Among Parents of Children with Special Health Care Needs
This study examines the leave-taking habits of full-time-employed parents of children with special health care needs in Chicago and Los Angeles.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• American Academy of Pediatrics • May 2007

Employment, Earnings Supplements, and Mental Health: A Controlled Experiment
This paper explores the relationship between employment and mental health, and evaluates the cost-effectiveness of the Self Sufficiency Project in terms of its policy of providing financial incentives for employment to those living on welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Social Research and Demonstration Corporation • February 01, 2004

A Balancing Act: Sources of Support, Child Care, and Hardship Among Unwed Mothers
This report examines single mothers' patterns of reliance on social support, the child care arrangements they make, and the particular physical, emotional, and economic challenges that these women face.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Columbia University School of Social Work • 2002

How Will Welfare Reform Affect Childbearing and Family Structure Decisions?
This paper provides evidence that reforms to the welfare system have been moderately successful both in encouraging marriage and in discouraging divorce, avoidance of child support, living separately from relatives, and childbearing while unmarried or on welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • October 2001

Work, Welfare, and Family Structure: A Review of the Evidence
This paper looks at a number of major American welfare reform programs, including Assistance for Families with Dependent Children, Medicaid, and food stamps.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • August 01, 1996

Does Welfare Play Any Role in Female Headship Decisions?
This paper seeks to determine whether or not welfare policies affect women's decision to head their own household.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • December 01, 1995

The Foster Care Crisis
This paper describes the history and current status of the foster care system and suggests that welfare reform may have unintended negative consequences for the foster care system.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • December 01, 1994

Depression, Substance Abuse, and Domestic Violence
This paper summarizes research on the occurrence of depression, domestic violence, and substance abuse among low-income women and the effects these factors have on women and their children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • June 2004

Lessons of United States Welfare Reforms for Australian Social Policy
This paper reviews the impact that the United States welfare reforms have had on employment rates, income, maternal mental and physical health, and the well-being of children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • November 2002

Literature Review: Poverty, Homelessness and Teenage Pregnancy
This literature review examines causes and issues pertaining to poverty and pregnancy among teenaged women.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• First Steps Housing Project Inc. • February 2006

Perspectives on Social Justice in New Zealand: A report for the Maxim Institute on the social justice internet survey
Using data from an internet survey, this report examines the diverse public views regarding social justice.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Maxim Institute • November 2006

Pension Reform: Work Till You Drop?
This paper examines the pension policy in Great Britain and offers several policy reforms that focus on a regulatory framework that allows for maximum flexibility while guarding against abuse.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Civitas • November 29, 2005

Teen Parent Provisions in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
This paper examines the regulations, provisions, and purposes of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, otherwise known as the Welfare Reform Act of 1996.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • November 01, 1996

Welfare Benefits and Family-Size Decisions of Never-Married Women
This study investigates whether or not restricting benefits to unmarried, welfare dependent women who have children is an effective deterrent to illegitimate childbearing.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • September 01, 1993

Making Ends Meet: Six Programs that Help Working Families and Employers
This paper reviews six programs intended to support working families: the Earned Income Tax Credit, food stamps, child care, health care, child support, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • June 01, 2002

How an Earnings Supplement Can Affect the Marital Behaviour of Welfare Recipients: Evidence From the Self-Sufficiency Project
This paper examines the impact of the Self Sufficiency Program (SSP) on the marriage patterns of the participants.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Social Research and Demonstration Corporation • 2001

Work and Benefit Dependency Since 1997
This paper evaluates the impact of New Labour’s economic policies on employment rates, social security benefits and economic well-being in the UK from 1997 to 2005.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Civitas: the Institute for the Study of Civil Society • April 2005

Public Assistance Use Among Two-Parent Families: An Analysis of TANF and Food Stamp Program Eligibility and Participation
This study, commissioned by the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mathematica Policy Research Inc. • January 2005

Towards A New Architecture for Canada's Adult Benefits
This paper traces the development of Canada’s social security system, critiques the current system and offers suggestions for how that system could be improved.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Caledon Institute of Social Policy • June 2006

Making Marriage Matter
This lecture highlights the efforts of Frank Keating (the Governor of Oklahoma) to strengthen families and strengthen marriage in Oklahoma.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Heritage Foundation • September 27, 2000

Children in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Child-Only Cases with Relative Caregivers: Final Report
This report examines the demographics, family circumstances, needs, and well-being of children who are involved with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families apart from their parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation • June 2004

Breaking the Cycle? The Effect of Education on Welfare Receipt Among Children of Welfare Recipients
This paper examines the effect of high school completion on the probability that Canadian children who grow up in welfare-reliant homes will come to depend on welfare themselves.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Institute for Fiscal Studies • June 2004

Stability and Change in Child Care and Employment: Evidence from Three States
This paper assesses the stability of child care arrangements among welfare recipients who have returned to work in Minnesota, Connecticut, and Florida.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • 2005

A Review of Child Care Policies in Experimental Welfare and Employment Programs
This paper examines child care provisions in experimental welfare and work programs in the United States, and it investigates the extent to which the provision of child care affects the outcomes and success of the program.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • September 2001

Does Child Care Assistance Matter? The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Child Care for Preschool- and Young School-Aged Children
This paper examines the effects of various experimental welfare and work programs on single parents' use of child care services in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Manpower Research Demonstration Corporation • September 2001

Is Work Enough? The Experiences of Current and Former Welfare Mothers Who Work
This report describes the experiences of economically disadvantaged, urban women who transitioned from welfare to work.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • November 2001

My Children Come First: Welfare-Reliant Women's Post-TANF Views of Work-Family Trade-offs and Marriage
This paper explores women's perceptions of the welfare to work transition and the resulting work-family trade-offs, in the context of welfare reform in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • December 2001

“You have to push it —who’s gonna raise your kids?” Situating Child Care and Child Care Subsidy Use in the Daily Routines of Lower-Income Families
This paper examines low-income families involved in an experimental anti-poverty intervention in the United States to determine the reasons for low and episodic use of program-based child care and child care subsidy use.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • December 2001

National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies: How Effective Are Different Welfare-to-Work Approaches? Five-Year Adult and Child Impacts for Eleven Programs
This comprehensive report summarizes the long-term outcomes of 11 American welfare-to-work initiatives for former welfare recipients and their children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education • December 2001

Welfare Policies Matter for Children and Youth: Lessons for TANF Reauthorization
This policy brief discusses the effects of welfare and employment policies on children and adolescents.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • March 2002

How Welfare and Work Policies for Parents Affect Adolescents: A Synthesis of Research
This report reviews existing research relating to the effects of welfare to work initiatives for low-income mothers on their adolescent children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • May 2002

The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Children's Participation in Head Start
This paper examines the effect of 10 different welfare to employment programs on single mothers' enrollment of their preschool-aged children in the Head Start program.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • June 2002

How Child Care Assistance in Welfare and Employment Programs Can Support the Employment of Low-Income Families
This study of experimental welfare and employment programs in the United States highlights the important role that expanded child care assistance played in the success of these programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • June 2002

“Making a Way Out of No Way”: How Mothers Meet Basic Family Needs While Moving from Welfare to Work
This paper uses data from a longitudinal study of families in Philadelphia and Cleveland to highlight the economic challenges faced by families as they make the transition from welfare reliance to employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • April 2003

Instability in Child Care: Ethnographic Evidence from Working Poor Families in the New Hope Intervention
This study examines the degree of child care instability experienced by a sample of low-income families involved in an experimental welfare intervention in Wisconsin.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • April 2003

Out of Their Hands: Patching Together Care for Children When Parents Move from Welfare to Work
This longitudinal study examines the various child care arrangements made by welfare-reliant women in Ohio during a three-year period of welfare reform which required them to return to work and attain self-sufficiency.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • April 2003

The Effects of Welfare and Employment Policies on the Child Care Use of Low-Income Young Mothers
This paper examines the child care arrangements of welfare-reliant mothers aged 24 and under in five US states.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • June 2003

The Interaction of Child Support and TANF: Evidence from Samples of Current and Former Welfare Recipients
This paper examines the relationship between child support and welfare receipt, with a particular focus on the potential role of child support in enabling single mothers to leave welfare and attain self-sufficiency.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation • January 2005

Effects of Welfare and Employment Policies on Young Children: New Findings on Policy Experiments Conducted in the Early 1990s
This paper examines the short and long term effects of welfare and employment programs on the school achievement of children of different ages.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Society for Research in Child Development • 2005

Staying Single: The Effects of Welfare Reform Policies on Marriage and Cohabitation
This paper examines the effects of 14 different American welfare and employment programs on marriage and cohabitation decisions among single-parent families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • April 2003

Rethinking Welfare Rules From a Marriage-Plus Perspective
This research brief discusses recent initiatives to encourage marriage among welfare recipients, and examines the relationship between public benefit rules and couples' marital decisions in the United Sates.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • March 2005

Face to Face With Fathers: A Report on Low-Income Fathers and Their Experience with Child Support Enforcement
This paper describes the experience of low-income, never-married fathers who are required to establish paternity and pay child support because their children are receiving public assistance.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Center for Family Policy and Practice (formerly the Center for Fathers, Families, and Public Policy) • 2001

Cooperation and Good Cause: Greater Sanctions and the Failure to Account for Domestic Violence
This paper discusses the history and consequences of a policy in the United States which requires single mothers who are seeking public assistance to cooperate in establishing paternity and child support for their children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Center for Family Policy and Practice (formerly the Center on Fathers, Families, and Public Policy) • 2000

Assessing the New Federalism: Eight Years Later
This report provides a synthesis of research conducted as part of the Urban Institute's Assessing the New Federalism project, which examined the experiences of low-income families throughout an extended period of changing social welfare policies in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Urban Institute • 2005

How Effective is the British Government’s Attempt to Reduce Child Poverty
This paper examines the extent and causes of child poverty in Britain and describes initiatives by the Labour government to reduce child poverty by raising family income, increasing paid work, and addressing long-term disadvantage.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre • June 2000

The Long-Term Effects of the Minnesota Family Investment Program on Marriage and Divorce Among Two-Parent Families
This report examines the long term effects of a welfare-to-work reform program in Minnesota on the marriage and divorce outcomes of two-parent families who participated in the reform initiative.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • October 2003

Serving Non-Custodial Parents: A Descriptive Study of Welfare-to-Work Programs
This report describes 11 American programs which used federal welfare-to-work grant money to provide employment services to non-custodial parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., The Urban Institute • December 2000

How Effective Are Different Welfare-to-Work Approaches? Five-Year Adult and Child Impacts for Eleven Programs
This report evaluates the long-term effects of 11 mandatory welfare-to-work programs in the United States on welfare-reliant families with children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation; and the U.S. Department of Education, Office of the Deputy Secretary, Planning and Evaluation Service, Office of Vocational and Adult Education • December 2001

Moving People from Welfare to Work: Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies
This report provides an overview of the National Evaluation of Welfare to Work Strategies project and answers a variety of questions pertaining to the effects of these strategies on educational achievement, economic outcomes, and families with children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • July 2002

Giving Noncustodial Parents Options: Employment and Child Support Outcomes of the SHARE Program - Final Report
This study examines employment, earnings, and child support payment among noncustodial fathers who participated in SHARE (Support Has A Rewarding Effect), a program operated under a welfare-to-work grant in Washington state.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. • October 2003

Successful Transitions out of Low-Wage Work for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Recipients: The Role of Employers, Coworkers, and Location
This report examines the effects of employer and co-worker characteristics and home location on the success and promotion of former welfare recipients in the workforce in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Urban Institute • April 2004

The National Evaluation of the Welfare-to-Work Grants Program: Final Report
This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of a grant program designed to fund state programs to transition the 'least employable' welfare recipients and noncustodial parents into the workforce.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. • September 2004

Receipt of Unemployment Insurance among Low-Income Single Mothers
This issue brief documents an increase in the number of low-income, single mothers relying on unemployment insurance in the United States from 2000 to 2003.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Policy Information Center, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • January 2005

Economic Insecurity: Implications of Federal Budget Proposals for Low-Income Working Families
This paper demonstrates that proposed cuts to health care, food stamps, housing assistance, and child care assistance in the United States would have significant negative effects on low-income, working families with children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • April 2005

The Children Left Behind: Deeper Poverty, Fewer Supports
This study analyses the effect of welfare reforms on child well-being and concludes that, while some children may have benefited from the reforms, those who were most disadvantaged actually experienced greater hardship.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Women's Policy Research • 2004

Abstract
This document discusses the impact of child care subsidies on the employment and welfare use of families, and the potential of such financial assistance to help low-income families become economically self-sufficient.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • January 2001

How Welfare and Work Policies Affect Children: A Synthesis of Research
This document gives a detailed explanation and analyses of the effects welfare to work policies have on child well-being.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation • March 2001

What if Welfare Had No Work Requirements? The Age of Youngest Child Exemption and the Rise in Employment of Single Mothers
This paper examines the extent to which the 1996 American welfare reforms were successful in bringing about large increases in the number of single mothers who were employed.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Federal Reserve Board • August 2003

The Impact of Welfare Reform on Marriage and Divorce
This paper studies the impact of welfare reform on marriage and divorce in the US and finds that reform is associated with decreased marriage and divorce rates.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta • June 2002

State Welfare Waiver Evaluations: Will They Increase Our Understanding of the Impact of Welfare Reform on Children?
This report discusses weaknesses in welfare waiver evaluations.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1996

The Effect of State TANF Choices on Grandparent-Headed Households
This paper examines welfare policies pertaining to benefit levels, time limits, work requirements and support enforcement, and looks at how they affect grandparent-headed households.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• AARP • November 2000

Does it Pay to Move from Welfare to Work?
This study of single mothers in the United States found that women who left welfare for work, or who combined both welfare and work, were financially better off than those who relied solely on welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Population Studies Center • Revised April 2000

Welfare Reform and Lone Mothers' Employment in the U.S.
This paper discusses various welfare projects and initiatives, including public childcare programs and subsidies, and looks at the impact of the American welfare reform on lone mothers' employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Population Studies Center • June 2002

After Welfare Reform and an Economic Boom: Why is Child Poverty Still So Much Higher in the U.S. Than in Europe?
This paper discusses the post-1996 welfare reforms in the United States and their impact on child poverty levels.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Population Studies Center • June 2002

What Has Welfare Reform Accomplished? Impacts on Welfare Participation, Employment, Income, Poverty, and Family Structure
This comprehensive study of the effects of welfare reform in the United States finds that these reforms contributed to reduced welfare reliance, increased family income, and decreased poverty.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Population Studies Center • December 2003

Adolescents' Formal Employment and School Enrollment: Effects of State Welfare Policies
This paper demonstrates that strict welfare policies often serve to reduce job opportunities for youth, by significantly increasing the number of individuals who are looking for jobs.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• John Hopkins University • February 2004

Family Income and Child Well Being
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey on Youth, this paper examines the occurences of child poverty in Canada and focuses on two questions 1) What if producing healthy children was the main objective of anti-poverty efforts? and 2) What should governments-and other partners- be doing to foster healthy child development?
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• ISUMA • Autumn 2000

Impacts of a Mandatory Welfare-to-Work Program on Children at School Entry and Beyond: Findings from the NEWWS Child Outcomes Study
This study of the effects of welfare-to-work programs on children demonstrates that such initiatives may have both negative and positive impacts.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • February 06, 2004

As The Population Clock Winds Down: Indicative Effects of Population Ageing in Australia's States and Territories
This article looks at the regional variations in population demographics in Australia, and discusses how the ageing population will affect the educational demand, labour market, and payment of pensions in each region.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Australian Population Association • November 2002

The Characteristics of Families Remaining on Welfare
This paper studies the characteristics of women who remain on welfare, and compares them to those of ex-welfare recipients in terms of employment status, income, education, health, and experiences of domestic violence.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Johns Hopkins University • February 2002

California's Children 2002
This fact sheet presents data on family issues in California, including child poverty, youth crime, childcare, health, welfare, and child abuse.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Child Welfare League • 2002

Hardship Among Children of Immigrants: Findings from the 1999 National Survey of America's Families
This paper examines the extent of income, food, housing, and health care related hardship for immigrant families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Urban Institute • February 2001

Making Children a National Priority 2002: Children, Youth, and Families in the United States
This fact sheet presents American national data on family issues, including foster care, adoption, parental substance abuse, child poverty, and welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Child Welfare League of America • 2002

National Fact Sheet 2003-Making Children a National Priority: Children, Youth, and Family in the United States
This fact sheet provides American statistics on family issues such as foster care, childcare, welfare, mental health, youth crime, child poverty, homelessness, and parental substance abuse.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Child Welfare League of America • 2003

The Cost of Protecting Vulnerable Children II: What Has Changed Since 1996
This paper examines the allocation of federal, state, and local funds towards child welfare and protection services, and compares government spending in 1998 with that in 1996.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Urban Institute • February 2001

Reliance on Income Support in Australia: Prevalence and Persistence
This paper explores the definition, extent, and consequence of welfare reliance in Australia.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research • May 2002

Extending Health Care Coverage to the Low-Income Population: The Influence of the Wisconsin BadgerCare Program on Labor Market Outcomes
This paper examines the effects of expanded eligibility for public health care insurance on the employment and earnings of low-income single mothers in Wisconsin.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • March 2005

The Determinants and Consequences of Child Care Subsidies for Single Mothers
This paper examines the provision of child care subsidies as part of welfare reforms in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • January 2002

Single Mothers Working at Night: Standard Work, Child Care Subsidies, and Implications for Welfare Reform
This paper examines the effects of child care subsidies on the standard work decisions of welfare-reliant and non-welfare-reliant single mothers.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • February 2004

Welfare Recipients' Attitudes Toward Welfare, Nonmarital Childbearing, and Work: Implications for Reform?
This paper explores welfare recipients' attitudes toward welfare, childbearing, and employment, as well as the impact of welfare on work and pregnancy.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Urban Institute • June 2001

The Impact of Welfare Reform on Child Welfare and Child Protective Services: A Literature Review
This paper reviews curernt research on the impact of the 1996 welfare reform on child welfare and protective services in the US.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Child and Family Research Center • 2000

Measuring Poverty in Canada
This paper, the first part of a study of poverty levels in Canada, addresses problems with the techniques used to measure poverty.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Fraser Institute • July 2001

Redesigning the "Welfare Mix" for Families: Policy Challenges
This paper addresses the need for changes to the welfare policies in response to deepening poverty, an ageing society, restructured labor markets, and a knowledge based economy.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Canadian Policy Research Networks • February 2003

Economic Pressure in Rural Families: Couple Interactions that Reduce Risk for Emotional Distress and Marital Instability
This research aims to discover potential strategies for reducing the adverse consequences of economic hardship on marriage.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mental Health Statistics Improvement Program • August 1995

Welfare Reform and Health
This paper examines the effects of welfare reform on health insurance coverage, use of health care services, and self-reported health among women aged 20 to 45.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• RAND Labor and Population • May 2004

Welfare Reform and Children's Living Arrangements
This study of the impact of welfare reform on children's living arrangements provides evidence that such reforms can significantly affect parental co-residence with their children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• RAND Labor and Population • October 2003

Exit Routes from Welfare: Examining Barriers to Employment, Demographic and Human Capital Factors
This paper examines the ways in which human capital, obstacles to employment, and demographic characteristics influence women's pathways out of welfare.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• University of Kentucky Center for Population Research • July 22, 2003

Expenditure Patterns Post-Welfare Reform in the UK: Are Low-Income Families Starting to Catch Up?
This paper examines the effects of the British government's welfare reforms on the economic welfare of children living in low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion • May 2005

Lower Class Mobilization and State Welfare Policy in the Era of Welfare Reform
This paper examines the different welfare policies adopted by US states after the 1996 welfare reforms gave them considerable freedom to decide eligibility for assistance.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research • 2003

The Impact of Welfare Programs on Poverty Rates: Evidence from the American States
This paper examines the relationship between welfare receipt and poverty by analysing welfare's work disincentive and income enhancement effects.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research • 2003

Multiple-Partner Fertility: Incidence and Implications for Child Support Policy
This paper documents the prevalence of multi-partnered fertility among welfare recipients in the United States and discusses its implications for child support and welfare policies.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • May 2005

Policy Intervention and Poverty in Rural America
This paper examines the relationship between welfare reform, employment growth, and poverty rates at the county level in the United States from 1989 to 1999.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Rural Poverty Research Center • August 2004

Poverty and Macroeconomic Performance Across Space, Race, and Family Structure
This paper examines the effects of welfare reform and the economy on family poverty in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research • January 2003

Welfare Reform and Teenage Pregnancy, Childbirth, and School Dropout
This paper explores the effects of the American welfare reforms on adolescent behaviour in that country.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Russell Sage Foundation • April 15, 2003

Substance Abuse and Welfare Reform
This research brief presents statistics on the incidence of substance abuse among welfare recipients and argues that policy makers and analysts overestimate the contribution of substance abuse to welfare reliance.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Poverty Center • April 2004

Welfare Incomes 2002
This report looks at welfare rates in each Canadian province and territory and provides estimates of income for different types of households.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada • Spring 2003

Creating Opportunities For The Poor
This public policy review contains several articles relating to approaches to helping the poor and reducing poverty in Canada.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Fraser Institute • October 2001

Variations in Maternal and Child Well-Being Among Financially Eligible Mothers by TANF Participation Status
This paper examines the health and financial well-being of single mothers who currently receive, have previously received, or have never received Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) over the course of one year.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Eastern Economic Association • Winter 2004

Welfare Work Requirements and Child Well-Being: Evidence From the Effects on Breastfeeding
This paper argues that welfare reforms in the United States may be harming children because welfare-reliant mothers, who are now required to work, may face challenges to breastfeeding their infants.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Poverty Center • May 2003

Why did the Welfare Caseload Decline?
This paper examines the effects of specific welfare policies and of the economy on the decline in the welfare caseload after the 1996 welfare reforms in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Poverty Center • June 2004

Implications of the 1996 Welfare Legislation for Children: A Research Perspective
This study, published two years after the 1996 welfare reforms in the United States, examines the historical context of these reforms and the research that has been conducted about their effects on children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Society for Research in Child Development • 1998

The Effects of Welfare Reform Policies on Children
This article reports the findings of various research studies about the effects of welfare reform on children in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Society for Research in Child Development • 2002

Towards an Understanding of the Impact of Welfare Reform on Children with Disabilities and Their Families: Setting a Research and Policy Agenda
This article reviews the characteristics of welfare-reliant families who have disabled children and it explores the particular ways in which these families are affected by welfare reforms.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Society for Research in Child Development • 2002

Stability and Change in Child Care and Employment: Evidence from Three States
This paper examines the relationship between child care instability and employment instability among women who are moving from welfare to work.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MDRC • 2005

Welfare Reform and Family Conflict Among Low-Income, Never-Married Parents
This paper discusses the increased emphasis on marriage and close parent relationships in the United States, and the potentially harmful effect that this could have on never-married parents and their children.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The Center for Family Policy and Practice (formerly the Center on Fathers, Families, and Public Policy) • 2001

Making Child Care Choices: How Welfare and Work Policies Influence Parents' Decisions
This policy brief presents data on the child care arrangements of approximately 20,000 low-income families in the United States who were involved in welfare and employment programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• MRDC • August 2002

Leaving Home Ain’t Easy: A Comparative Longitudinal Analysis of ECHP Data
This paper examines the effects of income, employment, and parental resources on young adults' decision to leave their parents' home and live independently.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • December 2001

A Study of Regulated Child Care Supply in Illinois and Maryland
This report describes the availability of adequate child care to low-income families in Illinois and Maryland.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1997

State Policy Choices: Assets and Access to Public Assistance
This fact sheet discusses the difficulties low-income families have accessing public assistance when facing financial crisis, such as a sudden short-term loss of employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • October 2003

Scant Increases After Welfare Reform: Regulated Child Care Supply in Illinois and Maryland, 1996-1998
This report compares and contrasts the changes in the supply of regulated child care between 1996 and 1998 in Illinois and Maryland.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • June 2000

Policies Affecting New York City's Low-Income Families
This report discusses some of the welfare policy and program changes in New York City.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • October 2001

Patterns and Growth of Child Care Voucher Use by Families Connected to Cash Assistance in Illinois and Maryland
This paper examines families in Illinois and Maryland who are or were previously receiving cash assistance.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • May 1999

Children and Welfare Reform: Anticipating the Effects of Federal and State Welfare Changes on Systems that Serve Children
This paper is the second brief in a series that discusses children and welfare reform in order to help policymakers, community leaders, and advocates.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1997

Whither Poverty in Great Britain and the United States? The Determinants of Changing Poverty and Whether Work Will Work
This paper compares levels of poverty in Britain and the United States by examining poverty trends in recent decades.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science • August 2001

Girls Preferred? Changing Patterns of Gender Preferences in the Two German States
In this study of gender preferences for children, the author suggests that preference for sons declines as the provision of social benefits by a welfare state becomes more generous, and the state replaces a son as a reliable source of income during times of economic hardship.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • September 1999

Child and Youth Well-Being Under Welfare Reform: Recent Research
This paper provides an overview of research about the effects of welfare reforms on children and youth.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• NGA Center for Best Practices • January 2004

Child Support and TANF Interaction: Literature Review
This report reviews existing literature on the role of child support payments in enabling welfare-reliant families to attain self-sufficiency.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation • April 11, 2003

Implementing Welfare Reform Requirements for Teenage Parents: Lessons from Experience in Four States
This report examines the effectiveness of several state welfare policies that require teenage mothers receiving cash assistance to attend school and live with their parents or in an adult-supervised environment.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. • October 31, 1997

Perceptions of Poverty: Correcting Misperceptions about the Low-Income Cutoff
This paper analyzes flaws in the Low-Income Cutoff (LICO) measure used to measure poverty in Canada.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• The C.D. Howe Institute • April 04, 2000

Financial Work Incentives for Low-Wage Workers: Encouraging Work, Reducing Poverty, and Benefiting Families
This study examines the effectiveness of various government incentive programs to encourage employment among low-wage, low-skill workers.
• Category: Public Policy > Welfare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • December 06, 2001

The Earned Income Tax Credit and Labor Market Participation of Families on Welfare
This study examines the effectiveness of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), a wage-based tax credit implemented as part of welfare reform in the United States.