Combining Self-Employment and Family Life
This paper discusses the work-family balance of self-employed parents, and examines their working arrangements, use of childcare, and factors influencing their employment choices.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Joseph Rowntree Foundation • June 01, 2003

Mothers' Employment and the Use of Childcare in the United Kingdom
This paper investigates current childcare policies in the United Kingdom and explores the relationship between childcare and maternal employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Institute for Fiscal Studies • October 01, 2001

After-School Programs for Low-Income Children: Promise and Challenges
This article looks at the range of after-school programs available for low-income children and discusses the challenges faced by these programs in terms of finding adequate facilities, staffing, and financing.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Fall 1999

After-School Child Care Programs
This article looks at the varying quality of different after-school programs and discusses the impact that different arrangements have on children's adjustment in school.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Fall 1999

Low-Wage Maternal Employment and Outcomes for Children: A Study
This article reveals the results of national study to determine how children are affected by policies which put mothers who are on welfare into the workforce.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Spring 1997

Links Between Early Childhood Programs and Maternal Employment in Three Countries
This article compares government policies on the provision of child care and family supports in the United States, Sweden and the Netherlands.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Winter 1995

Changing Demographics: Past and Future Demands for Early Childhood Programs
This paper examines historical changes to the structure of family life and the corresponding changes in the demand for non-parental child care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Winter 1995

Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Education on Social Outcomes and Delinquency
This article discusses the effectiveness of early childhood intervention programs of education and family support in preventing juvenile deliinquency.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Winter 1995

Early Childhood Care and Education: Effects on Ethnic and Racial Gaps in School Readiness
This article explores differences between black, white, and Hispanic children's use and experience of early childhood education and care, and examines the effect of these differing experiences on gaps in school readiness.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Spring 2005

Welfare Reform and Child Care Options for Low-Income Families
This article argues that low-income children need access to high-quality child care as it is associated with many developmental benefits.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • 2002

Child Care Within the Family
This study examines unregulated, kin-provided child care in an urban, working class community.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Spring/Summer 2001

International Policies Towards Parental Leave and Child Care
This article examines policies relating to parental leave, child care, and child benefits in a variety of industrialized western countries.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • 2001

The One Hundred Billion Dollar Man The Annual Public Costs of Father Absence
This study provides an estimate of taxpayer costs in the US, in support of homes in which the father is absent.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Fatherhood Initiative • 2008

Full-Day Kindergarten in California Lessons from Los Angeles
This report evaluates the impact of full-day kindergarten in Los Angeles and finds small benefits for some at-risk children in certain learning areas.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Public Policy Institute of California • September 2009

Participation and Activity Limitation Survey 2006: Families of Children with Disabilities in Canada
This report looks at the issues that a families face when raising a disabled child.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada, Social and Aboriginal Statistics Division • September 2008

Caring For Our Youngest: Public Attitudes in the United States
This article presents the results of public opinion polls that asked people about their attitudes towards early caregiving, and the role government and parents play.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • Spring 2001

Child Care and Our Youngest Children
This article discusses the important role that caregivers play in shaping infants' minds and personalities, emphasizing the importance of high quality early care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Future of Children • 2001

Understanding the Effects of Maltreatment on Early Brain Development
This paper discusses early brain development and the harmful effects that abuse and neglect can have on this process, both in the short and long term.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information • October 01, 2001

BC's Annual Reporting on Early Childhood Development (ECD) - Analysis of Impact on Child Care
This report raises concerns about provincial budget cuts to child care funding in British Columbia.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Care Advocacy Forum • March 01, 2004

Tackling the Human Deficit: Investing in Children & Families in Ontario
This paper discusses child poverty in Ontario and makes nine recommendations for a poverty agenda.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Campaign 2000 • February 10, 2004

Child Poverty Persists: Time to Invest in Children and Families
This paper describes the continuing problem of child poverty in Ontario and makes recommendations that would eliminate child poverty, and ensure that all children have access to adequate resources and opportunities for success.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Campaign 2000 • 2003

The Labour Force Participation of Married Mothers: A Tale of International Catchup
This paper examines the different rates of employment for married mothers in Britain and Spain.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• York University • April 01, 2003

Work and Family Directions in the US and Australia: A Policy Research Agenda
This paper provides a comparative analysis of work and family issues in the United States and Australia, and it offers proposals for further research and study in this field.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research • July 2002

Workforce Issues in Early Childhood Education and Care
This paper discusses issues relating to the education, organization, and qualifications of child care workers in various developed countries.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Institute for Child and Family Policy • May 01, 2000

Parenting, School Contexts and Violent Delinquency
This study examines the relationship between parental monitoring and youth violent delinquency, as well as the extent to which this relationship may be influenced by the school context.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada • January 2010

Canadian Attitudes on the Family
This survey asked a broad range of questions dealing with all aspects of the attitudes of Canadians toward marital and family satisfaction, work/family balance, taxation, family size, the impacts of cohabitation, divorce, same-sex marriage, parenting and the impact of children on marital satisfaction, and the significance of religion.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Focus on the Family (Canada) • June 01, 2002

Outside School Hours Care Services in Australia 1994-97
This paper explores the availability and provision of nonparental child care for school-aged children before and after school, on noninstructional days, and during school holidays.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare • June 2000

Little Crèche on the Prairies
This backgrounder compares child care in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta on coverage, quality and treatment of for-profit and non-profit day care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Frontier Centre for Public Policy • May 2009

Child Care and the Labour Supply
This paper challenges the claim that easily available, government funded child care increases labour participation among women.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Centre for Independent Studies • July 27, 2008

How Effective are Child Care Subsidies in Reducing a Barrier to Work?
This paper discusses the costs of child care and looks at whether or not subsidies are effective for promoting employment among married and single mothers.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling • May 01, 1996

Better Strategies for Babies: Strengthening the Caregivers and Families of Infants and Toddlers
This report discusses ways in which state and local governments can promote the proper development of babies and toddlers in low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The National Center for Children in Poverty • 2000

The Dynamics of Child Care Subsidy Use: A Collaborative Study of Five States
This paper looks at patterns of child care subsidy use in terms of the nature of the users, the services received by users, the length of use, and the type of arrangements made while using the subsidy.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • July 01, 2002

Child Care In Canada
This paper examines child care arrangements for Canadian children ages 6 months to 5 years including the type of care they receive, the hours they spend in care, the backgrounds they come from and the frequency with which their care arrangements change.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada • April 2006

What Can We Learn from Quebec’s Universal Childcare Program?
Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth, this study compares outcomes from parents and children in Quebec’s universal daycare program with a national sample.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• C.D. Howe Institute • February 1, 2006

Universal Preschool: Much to Gain but Who Will Pay?
This paper discusses the benefits of preschool education for children's developmental outcomes, reviews the current preschool situation in the United States, and focuses on possibilities for financing a state-funded pre-kindergarten.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • July 01, 2003

The Work, Family and Equity Index: Where does the United States Stand Globally?
This is the first edition of the Project on Global Working Families that aims to define and measure policies affecting working families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Harvard School of Public Health • 2004

The Work, Family and Equity Index: How Does the United States Measure Up?
This second edition updates the 2004 instalment, evaluating American policies for working families such as parental level and health related benefits.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for Health and Social Policy • 2007

Starting Points: Challenging the "Quiet Crisis"- A Description of the Starting Points Sites
This paper simmary describes strategies and activities executed by 14 Starting Points sites.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty, Harvard Family Research Project • 1997

Canadians Make Choices on Childcare
This survey of 2,012 Canadians conducted in May 2005 finds that ordinary Canadians prefer childcare provided by parents to day care provided by other caregivers; Canadians prefer day care offered by relatives to non-profit day care centres, and when given a choice, Canadians prefer both these systems to either subsidizing day care centres or a national care system.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute of Marriage and Family Canada • Spring 2006

What Childcare Crisis? Irish Mothers Entering the Labour Force
The results of this Irish study suggest that the link between maternal employment and the availability of formal child care is not as significant as many people suggest.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Employment Research Center • May 10, 2001

Australian Social Trends 1994: Family - Family Services: Child Care
This paper presents statistics on childcare trends in Australia, including reasons for use, cost, and type of childcare available.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Australian Bureau of Statistics • February 22, 2001

Too Old for Child Care? Too Young for Self Care?: Negotiations between Preteens and their Employed Parents
In this study the author interviews preteens concerning their negotiations with their parents about care arrangements for after-school hours.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Center for Working Families • November 01, 1999

Universal Programs and Unintended Divisions: A Case Study of After-School Program Legislation
This paper discusses the shortcomings of a California initiative that provided funding for 'universal' after-school programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Center for Working Families • May 01, 2001

Myths About the Adequacy of Current Child Care Funding
This paper corrects some common beliefs about child care funding in the United States and argues that funding for this service remains inadequate.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • March 29, 2004

Enhancing Participation by Aboriginal Families in Early Childhood Services: Case Study
This report outlines strategies to increase the usage of early childhood services by Aboriginal families in Australia.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Healthy Childhood Research Group • 2003

What Does Government Spend on Children: Evidence from Five Cities
This report provides information about government spending on services for children in five economically disadvantaged cities.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Brookings Institution • March 01, 2004

The Impacts of Non-Parental Care on Child Development
This report examines the impact of increasing use of non-parental care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Human Resources Development Canada • August 1999

Investing in Quality Child Care: An Agenda for Action on Child Poverty
This paper focuses on child poverty in Ontario, and assesses the strategies undertaken by the government in tackling child poverty.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives • 2003

Making Ends Meet: Six Programs that Help Working Families and Employers
This paper reviews six programs intended to support working families: the Earned Income Tax Credit, food stamps, child care, health care, child support, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • June 01, 2002

An Economic Analysis of Kin-Provided Child Care
This paper discusses factors affecting mothers' decisions to use family child care, and the effect that child care has on a family's economic well-being.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for Research on Poverty • November 01, 1995

Concepts of Care in After-school Programs: Protection, Instruction, and Containment
This paper discusses the differing, and sometimes competing, perceptions of the purpose of after school child care held by schools, families, and law enforcement.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Center for Working Families • May 01, 2002

National Data Sets: Sources of Information for Canadian Child Care Data
This paper offers descriptions of Canadian national survey data sets that could be useful in examining issues related to child care use in Canada.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Health Analysis and Measurement Group, Statistics Canada • June 2006

$7 –A-Day Childcare: Are Parents Getting What They Need?
This article evaluates the subsidized childcare system in Quebec, which began in 1997, concluding that the program is ineffective in meeting its goals of universality and equity.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Montreal Economic Institute • October 2006

Low-fee ($5/child) Regulated Childcare Policy and the Labor Supply of Mothers with Young Children: A Natural Experiment from Canada
This paper evaluates the effect of Quebec’s low-fee regulated childcare policy from 1997-2002 on the labour supply behaviour of mothers with children ages 0-5.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations • March 2005

The Incredible Shrinking $1,200 Child Care Allowance: How to Fix It
This report offers a critical analysis of the National Child Benefit, implemented by the Federal Conservative Government in June 2006.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Caledon Institute of Social Policy • April 2006

A Profile of the Childcare Services Industry
This report exmaines the childcare services industry in Canada.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada • September 2002

The Impact of Family-Friendly Policies in Denmark and Sweden on Mothers’ Career Interruptions Due to Childbirth
This paper examines the role of maternal benefits, publicly provided child care, availability of paternal leave, and economic necessity in influencing Danish and Swedish mothers' decision about when or if to return to work after having a child.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • March 2004

Stability and Change in Child Care and Employment: Evidence from Three States
This paper assesses the stability of child care arrangements among welfare recipients who have returned to work in Minnesota, Connecticut, and Florida.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • 2005

An Early Child Development Strategy for Australia? Lessons from Canada
This paper outlines Canadian developments in the implementation of early childhood care and education programs and provides data pertaining to the relationship between early childhood development and population health.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Commission for Children & Young People • 2002

Trends in Long Day Care Services for Children in Australia 1991-99
This paper examines trends in the provision and use of government-supported long day care services in Australia in the 1990s.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare • 2002

A Review of Child Care Policies in Experimental Welfare and Employment Programs
This paper examines child care provisions in experimental welfare and work programs in the United States, and it investigates the extent to which the provision of child care affects the outcomes and success of the program.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • September 2001

Does Child Care Assistance Matter? The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Child Care for Preschool and Young School-Aged Children
This paper examines the effects of various experimental welfare and work programs on single parents' use of child care services in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Manpower Research Demonstration Corporation • September 2001

“You have to push it —who’s gonna raise your kids?” Situating Child Care and Child Care Subsidy Use in the Daily Routines of Lower-Income Families
This paper examines low-income families involved in an experimental anti-poverty intervention in the United States to determine the reasons for low and episodic use of program-based child care and child care subsidy use.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • December 2001

Family and Individual Predictors of Child Care Use by Low-Income Families in Different Policy Contexts
This paper examines family and individual predictors of child care use, problems with child care, and receipt of public subsidies among low-income families in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • January 2002

Welfare Policies Matter for Children and Youth: Lessons for TANF Reauthorization
This policy brief discusses the effects of welfare and employment policies on children and adolescents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • March 2002

The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Children's Participation in Head Start
This paper examines the effect of 10 different welfare to employment programs on single mothers' enrollment of their preschool-aged children in the Head Start program.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • June 2002

How Child Care Assistance in Welfare and Employment Programs Can Support the Employment of Low-Income Families
This study of experimental welfare and employment programs in the United States highlights the important role that expanded child care assistance played in the success of these programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • June 2002

Instability in Child Care: Ethnographic Evidence from Working Poor Families in the New Hope Intervention
This study examines the degree of child care instability experienced by a sample of low-income families involved in an experimental welfare intervention in Wisconsin.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • April 2003

Out of Their Hands: Patching Together Care for Children When Parents Move from Welfare to Work
This longitudinal study examines the various child care arrangements made by welfare-reliant women in Ohio during a three-year period of welfare reform which required them to return to work and attain self-sufficiency.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • April 2003

The Effects of Welfare and Employment Policies on the Child Care Use of Low-Income Young Mothers
This paper examines the child care arrangements of welfare-reliant mothers aged 24 and under in five US states.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MDRC • June 2003

Early Childhood Care and Education and other Family Policies in South-East Asia
This report provides a country-by-country overview of early childhood education and other family programs in South-East Asia.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• UNESCO • October 2002

Role of Early Childhood Care and Education in Ensuring Equal Opportunity
This policy brief examines the availability of early childhood care and education in various countries around the world.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• UNESCO • December 2003

State Policies that Affect Working Families
This paper analyzes four state policies designed to help working families: job-protected family care, child care subsidies, early childhood education and elementary school schedules, and tax policy.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • August 2004

The Quality Gap: A Study of Nonprofit and Commercial Child Care Centres in Canada
This report compares the quality of child care provided by non-profit and for-profit centres, and demonstrates that non-profit child care centres in Canada generally offer significantly higher standards of care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Care Policy • December 2004

Child Care Assistance Policies 2001-2004: Families Struggling to Move Forward, States Going Backward
This paper examines state child care policies in the United States from 2001 to 2004 and shows that the availability of child care assistance for families declined during this period.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Women's Law Center • September 2004

Strengthening Head Start: What the Evidence Shows
This paper argues that the fragmented approach to early childhood education and care in the United States has prevented programs, such as Head Start, from being as effective as possible.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • June 2003

Staying Employed: Trends in Medicaid, Child Care, and Head Start in Ohio
This paper reviews both expansions and cutbacks in state child and health care in Ohio and discusses the potential benefits of these programs for low-income working parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for Women's Policy Research • November 2004

National Estimates of Child Care and Subsidy Receipt for Children Ages 0 to 6: What Can We Learn from the National Household Education Survey?
This research brief provides estimates of child subsidy receipt and child care arrangements for preschool children in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Trends • October 2004

Missed Opportunities?: The Possibilities and Challenges of Funding High-Quality Preschool through Title I of the No Child Left Behind Act
This report examines the benefits and shortcomings of the American government's No Child Left Behind legislation pertaining to the expansion of funding for high-quality preschool education for disadvantaged and at-risk children.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Center for Law and Social Policy • March 2005

The Determinants and Consequences of Child Care Subsidy Receipt by Low-Income Families
This document discusses the impact of child care subsidies on the employment and welfare use of families, and the potential of such financial assistance to help low-income families become economically self-sufficient.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • January 2001

Getting Help With Child Care Expenses
This paper discusses the expenses of child care and focuses on how, and where, employed families recieve childcare assistance.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2003

Child Care Expenses of America's Families
This paper examines child care expenses for working families and briefly outlines the impact of high cost daycare on parental employment, family time, economic stability, and quality of child care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • December 01, 2000

The High Cost of Child Care puts Quality Care out of Reach for Many Families
This paper studies the economics of child care and how the cost of such care can limit the productivity of low-income workers as well as the development of their children.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Children's Defense Fund • 2000

Child Care Subsidies, Wages, and Employment of Single Mothers
This paper examines the effects of child care subsidies and wage rates on the employment decisions and outcomes of single mothers in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • June 01, 2002

Giving Mom and Dad a Break: Returning Fairness to Families in Canada's Tax and Transfer System
This paper looks at ways in which the Canadian tax system might be altered in the interests of Canadian families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• C.D. Howe Institute • November 26, 1998

Parents' Eye: Building a Vision of Equality and Inclusion in Childcare Services
This report discusses the opportunities available to, and challenges faced by, parents, politicians, policymakers, and child care workers in providing quality child care for children from ethnic minority backgrounds in England.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Daycare Trust • October 01, 2003

Once We Knew How to Rescue Poor Kids
This paper focuses on the efforts of US Catholic charities in changing the culture of poor children.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Manhattan Institute • Autumn 1998

Federal Support for Early Childhood Programs: Caution is Needed
This article argues that non-parental care, including daycare and early childhood education programs, undermines the family.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Heritage Foundation • March 29, 1991

Welfare Reform and Lone Mothers' Employment in the U.S.
This paper discusses various welfare projects and initiatives, including public childcare programs and subsidies, and looks at the impact of the American welfare reform on lone mothers' employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Population Studies Center • June 2002

Participation of Kindergartners through Third-Graders in Before- and After-School Care
This paper discusses rates of children's participation of different forms of nonparental care before and after school, the amount of time they spend in care, and the financial cost of this care for parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Education Statistics • August 1999

The Hours That Children Under Five Spend in Child Care: Variations Across States
This article examines the number of hours American pre-school aged children spend in child care each year due to maternal employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • March 2000

Who's Minding the Kids? Child Care Arrangements: Spring 1997
This paper examines the use of child care in the United States, including the type of care used, the number of hours spent in care, and the cost of care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• US Census Bureau • July 2002

Qualities of Caring: Good Practices in Infant and Toddler Group Care
This paper investigates several children's daycare group centers in poor countries where resources and finances are lacking.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• International Center on Care and Education of Children, The World Bank Group • January 1999

Children 2004: Vision, Action, Results
This fact sheet examines recent American statistics on the family, including those pertaining to child abuse, youth crime, child poverty, parental substance abuse, health, childcare, domestic violence, and foster care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Welfare League of America • 2004

National Fact Sheet 2003-Making Children a National Priority: Children, Youth, and Family in the United States
This fact sheet provides American statistics on family issues such as foster care, childcare, welfare, mental health, youth crime, child poverty, homelessness, and parental substance abuse.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Welfare League of America • 2003

Demands for Childcare and Household Labour Supply in Australia
This paper analyses the demand for formal and informal child care in Australia, assesses the costs of child care, and examines the effects of increasing child care costs on the labour market participation of single and married mothers.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research • April 2004

A Forgotten Issue: Distributional Effects of Day Care Subsidies in Germany
This paper looks at which groups benefit most significantly from generous child care subsidies in Germany.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • September 2000

The Determinants and Consequences of Child Care Subsidies for Single Mothers
This paper examines the provision of child care subsidies as part of welfare reforms in the United States.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • January 2002

Single Mothers Working at Night: Standard Work, Child Care Subsidies, and Implications for Welfare Reform
This paper examines the effects of child care subsidies on the standard work decisions of welfare-reliant and non-welfare-reliant single mothers.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • February 2004

Child Care Subsidy Receipt, Employment, and Child Care Choices of Single Mothers
This paper examines the effects of child care subsidy receipt on single mothers' decisions concerning employment and child care in the United States after welfare reform.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • April 2004

The Effect of Child Care and Part Time Opportunities on Participation and Fertility Decisions in Italy
This paper investigates possible explanations for low levels of fertility and female labour force attachment in Italy.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • February 2002

Child Care Choices by Italian Households
This paper seeks to explain the low use of public child care by Italian families, despite generous government subsidies.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • January 2004

The Excess Demand for Subsidized Child Care in Germany
This paper provides estimates of the demand for subsidized child care in Germany that is not yet being met by existing programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for the Study of Labor • March 2005

A Matter of Urgency: Including Children with Special Needs in Child Care in Canada
This report discusses the benefits that special needs children can gain from inclusion in child care, the nature and extent of current inclusion in Canada, and how the government can encourage inclusion.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• SpeciaLink National Centre for Child Care Inclusion • 2000

From Patchwork to Framework: A Child Care Strategy for Canada
This policy document provides an outline of changes to the Canadian child care system that would improve the system's accessibility, effectiveness, and accountability.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Care Advocacy Association of Canada • September 2004

The Effects of Expanded Public Funding for Early Education and Child Care on Preschool Enrollment in the 1990s
This paper examines preschool enrollment by family income in the United States during the 1990s and finds that, although enrollment of children in low-income families has been increasing, a significant income gap still exists.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Russell Sage Foundation • 2005

ECD Policy Development and Implementation in Africa
This paper examines the development and implementation of early childhood care, education, and development programs in various countires in sub-Saharan Africa.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• UNESCO • November 2004

Making Child Care Choices: How Welfare and Work Policies Influence Parents' Decisions
This policy brief presents data on the child care arrangements of approximately 20,000 low-income families in the United States who were involved in welfare and employment programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• MRDC • August 2002

Trends in the Affordability of Child Care Services
This report examines trends in the affordability of child care in Australia over time for families of different types and income levels.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Australian Institute for Health and Welfare • May 2001

A Study of Regulated Child Care Supply in Illinois and Maryland
This report describes the availability of adequate child care to low-income families in Illinois and Maryland.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1997

Scant Increases After Welfare Reform: Regulated Child Care Supply in Illinois and Maryland, 1996-1998
This report compares and contrasts the changes in the supply of regulated child care between 1996 and 1998 in Illinois and Maryland.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • June 2000

Non-Marital Births in East Germany after Unification
This paper describes the dramatic differences in non-marital childbearing between East and West Germany both before and after unification.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • July 2001

Continuity and Stability: Dynamics of Child Care Subsidy Use in Oregon
This report discusses the results of a recent study on child care subsidies in Oregon.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • August 2002

Creating the Conditions for Success with Early Learning Standards: Results from a National Study of State-Level Standards for Children's Learning Prior to Kindergarten
This US study examines the contents, development, and use of early learning standards.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Early Childhood and Parenting (ECAP) Collaborative • Fall 2003

Childcare and Fertility in (Western) Germany
This paper examines the effects of child care availability and cost on women's fertility decisions in western Germany in the 1980s and 1990s.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • July 2001

Educational Attainment and First Births: East Germany Before and After Unification
This paper demonstrates that the delaying effects of high educational attainment on childbearing are less pronounced in East Germany than in West Germany, both before and after unification.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • December 2000

Does the Availability of Childcare Influence the Employment of Mothers? Findings from Western Germany
This study of the German child care system argues that the availability of care is a more important consideration than the cost of care in determining maternal employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • March 2000

Going Global with Indicators of Child Well-Being: Indicators of South African Children's Psychosocial Development in the Early Childhood Period - Phase 3 Report
This report examines community-level standards for early child development in South Africa, and the ways in which communities are responding to international standards for child well-being.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child, Youth and Family Development, Human Sciences Research Council • 2004

Going Global with Indicators of Child Well-Being: Indicators of South African Children's Psychosocial Development in the Early Childhood Period - Phase 1 & 2 Report for UNICEF South Africa
This report examines the current status of early childhood development policy in Africa, provides a conceptual framework for the analysis of children's psychosocial development, and examines the effects of cultural influences on this aspect of development.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child, Youth and Family Development, Human Sciences Research Council • 2004

A Study on Policies and Practices in Selected Countries that Encourage Childbirth: The Case of Sweden
This paper argues that the relatively high fertility rates in Sweden are more the result of institutional factors than of cultural ones.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • March 2005

Do Child Care Characteristics Influence Continued Childbearing in Sweden? An Investigation of the Quantity, Quality, and Price Dimension
This paper examines the effects of regional variations in child care quantity, quality, and cost on Swedish parents' decision to have a second or third child.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • May 2003

Family Policies and Low Fertility in Western Europe
This paper examines various family policies in Europe and discusses their potential effect on fertility trends.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • July 2003

Child Benefits Levels in 2003 and Beyond: Australia, Canada, the UK and the US
This paper analyzes the child-related tax and child benefits income security system for Australia, Canada, the UK and the US.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Caledon Institute of Social Policy • April 01, 2003

Subsidizing Child Care for Low-Income Families Choices: A Good Bargain for Canadian Governments
The study’s main objective is to review the current child care subsidy system and highlight the main directions shaping its evolution.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for Research on Public Policy • May 01, 1998

Convention on the Rights of the Child
This United Nations' resolution builds on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to further the rights of the child ...
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights • November 20, 1990

Employers, Lone Parents and the Work-Life Balance
This document presents the results of an in-depth study on trends in lone-parent employment.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Centre for Social Research • December 01, 2000

Recent Changes in California Welfare and Work, Child Care, and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at California's demographic, economic, and political situation, and focuses on this state’s employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • May 01, 2002

Caring and Learning Environments: Quality in Regulated Family Child Care Across Canada
This study, the third in the 'You Bet I Care' series, looks specifically at in-home daycare services, compares the quality of such care to more formal daycare providers across Canada, and summarizes the factors that optimize child care quality.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Centre for Families, Work and Well-Being, University of Guelph, Ontario • 2000

Flexible Child Care in Canada: A Report on Child Care for Evenings, Overnight and Weekends, Emergencies and Ill Children, and in Rural Areas
This paper discusses possible ways to meet the needs of families with unusual or exceptional child care issues.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • 1994

Past Caring: A History of U.S. Preschool Care and Education for the Poor, 1820–1965
In this paper the author chronicles the history of America's reluctance to provide quality early child care and education for poor children, and discusses the importance of providing care for disavantaged children.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • January 01, 1989

Recent Changes in Minnesota Welfare and Work, Child Care and Child Welfare System
This paper looks at the demographic, economic, and political situation in Minnesota, and focuses on this state's employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • July 01, 2001

Opening Doors: Students' Perspectives on Juggling Work, Family and College
This study looks at the challenges faced by low-income workers who have the opportunity to increase their earning potential by gaining credentials through a community college.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation • July 01, 2002

Recent Changes in New York Welfare and Work, Child Care and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at the demographic, economic, and political situation in New York, and focuses on this state's employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • September 01, 2002

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: New Jersey
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in New Jersey, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Recent Changes in Texas Welfare and Work, Child Care and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at the demographic, economic, and political situation in Texas, and focuses on this state's employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • June 01, 2001

Strengthening Families in America’s Cities: Early Childhood Development
This paper explores the importance of childcare and early childhood educational programs, as well as their impact on child behaviour and development.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National League of Cities, Institute for Youth, Education, and Families • 2003

Report on the Second Round of the Quality Child Care Initiative (QCCI): Final Report
This paper outlines the elements, implementation, and accomplishments of the Quality Child Care Initiative.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Social Policy Research Associates • October 01, 2003

The Link Between Early Learning and Care and School Readiness
This paper argues for investment in early childhood education and care programs on the basis that these programs are important in preparing children for success in school.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Economic Opportunity Institute • October 01, 2002

Changes in Massachusetts Welfare and Work, Child Care, and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at Massachusetts' demographic, economic, and political situation, and focuses on this states employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • July 01, 2001

Serving Children and Youth Through the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Block Grant
This paper discusses the TANF program and how its funds can best be used to encourage and maintain stable, two-parent families, and improve child welfare, development, education, and care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• NGA Centre for Best Practices • January 21, 2000

Work-Related Child Care in Context: A Study of Work-Related Child Care in Canada
This paper seeks to understand what types of contributions employers make to child care for their employees and how this affects the accessibility of child care for working mothers.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • 1993

Recent Changes in Alabama Welfare and Work, Child Care, and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at Alabama's demographic, economic, and political situation and focuses on its employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare systems for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • October 01, 2001

What Happens When the School Year is Over? The Use and Costs of Child Care for School-Age Children During the Summer Months
This paper examines the child care arrangments made by parents of six- to twelve-year-olds during the summer months, and the amount spent on child care during this period.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • June 01, 2002

Federal Child Care Funding for Low-Income Families: How Much is Needed
This paper discusses the affordability and quality of current child care programs, and focuses on how the government can decrease welfare dependency and promote employment by subsidizing childcare.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Health Policy Forum • July 22, 2002

Primary Childcare Arrangements of Employed Parents: Findings from the 1999 National Survey of America's Families
This paper provides information about working parents' primary care arrangements for their children aged 0-12.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • May 01, 2002

Child Care Subsidies Promote Mothers’ Employment and Children's Development
This paper provides an overview of research on the relationship between accessible child care, mother's employment, and children's development, and offers suggestions for improving child care subsidies.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Institute for Women's Policy Research • October 01, 2003

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Washington
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Washington, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: California
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in California, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Florida
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Florida including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Part-Time Work and Family-Friendly Practices in Canadian Workplaces
This paper examines the distribution and prevalence of part-time and flexible working arrangements in Canada, and investigates the effect of these types of arrangements on people's career opportunities and productivity,
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada, Human Resources Development Canada • 2003

From Home to School - How Canadian Children Cope: Initial Analyses Using Data from the Second Cycle of the School Component of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth
This paper uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to examine the impact of early childhood care, education, and literacy activities on children's performance in their early school years.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada • October 14, 1999

Recent Changes in Colorado Welfare and Work, Child Care and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at the demographic, economic, and political situation in Colorado, and focuses on this state's employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • October 01, 2001

Final Report: Child Care and Labour - Working Together for Publicly Funded Child Care
This document presents the proceedings and discussions of a meeting between child care advocates and labour advocates.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Coalition of Child Care Advocates of BC, Community Social Services Component of the BC Government and Service Employees’ Union • November 08, 2003

Making the Right Choice: Investing in High Quality Early Learning and Child Care in Ontario
This report discusses the status of child care in Ontario, emphasizes the importance of high quality child care and early education, and outlines existing and potential government policy on this issue.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Ontario Coalition for Better Child Care • February 02, 2004

Government and Parenting: Is There a Case for a Policy Review and a Parents' Code?
This report addresses such issues as financial support, child care assistance, and the definition of who is a parent.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Joseph Rowntree Foundation • 2003

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Massachusetts
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Massachusetts, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Rural Child Care in Ontario: A Background Paper for a Conference on Rural Child Care
This paper describes the child care system in rural Ontario and makes recommendations for improvements and changes.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • January 01, 1994

Learning and Evaluation for Poverty Reduction
This paper explores the role of the community in reducing poverty through learning and education programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Caledon Institute of Social Policy • March 01, 2004

Chilcare Choices, Consumer Education, and Low-Income Families
This report discusses the benefits and limitations of educating low-income families about the child care options available to them.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1992

Reforming Quebec’s Early Childhood Care and Education: The First Five Years
This report discusses Quebec's plan for reforming its child care system by creating a child benefit for low-income families, ensuring high quality services, and improving its parental insurance plan.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • April 01, 2002

Architecture for National Child Care
This paper analyzes the Canadian Child Care system by outlining the necessary improvements required in order to meet the demands of a changing nation.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Caledon Institute of Social Policy • November 01, 2002

Statistics of Education: Children's Daycare Facilities at 31 March 2001 England
This report provides statistical information on the number of day nurseries, playgroups, childminders, after-school clubs and holiday programs available for children under eight in England in 2001.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Statistics: Department for Education and Skills • October 01, 2001

Provision for Children Under Five Years of Age in England - January 2003
This statistical bulletin provides data pertaining to the number of three and four year olds in England who are receiving private, voluntary, independent, and maintained child care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Office for National Statistics Department for Education and Skills • May 27, 2004

Expensive Children in Poor Families: The Intersection of Childhood Disabilities and Welfare
This paper examines the public and private costs of welfare programs and of childcare for children with disabilities.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Public Policy Institute of California • 2000

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Michigan
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Michigan, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Child Care in Quebec: Where There's a Will There's a Way
This paper describes the comprehensive early childhood care and education system being developed by the Quebec government.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Child Care Advocacy Association of Canada • September 01, 2001

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Alabama
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Alabama including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

The Effects of Early Maternal Employment on Children’s Cognitive Outcomes: The Canadian Experience
This paper demonstrates that maternal employment has a significant negative effect on children's early verbal skills, but not on their math skills.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Statistics Canada • April 01, 2004

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Mississippi
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Mississippi, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Minnesota
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Minnesota, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Child Care by Default or Design? An exploration of differences between non-profit and for-profit Canadian child care centres using the You Bet I Care! data sets
This study explores the issue of the operation of child care programs, and considers the pros and cons in giving the public the operational responsibilities over child care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit, University of Toronto • October 01, 2002

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: New York
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in New York, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Enabling Conditions for Policy Progress for Children and Youth
This presentation outlines the role of the community in child development, and looks at how the community can meet this challenge with success.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Canadian Policy Research Networks • November 23, 2001

Six Myths About Childcare
This paper addresses six common misconceptions about childcare and childcare funding as they relate to public policy.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Heritage Foundation • September 19, 2002

Steady Work and Better Jobs: How to Help Low-Income Parents Sustain Employment and Advance in the Workforce
This document reviews the existing research on what needs to be done to enable low-income, welfare-reliant parents to improve their employment situation.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation • June 01, 2000

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Wisconsin
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Wisconsin, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

State Child Care Profile for Children With Employed Mothers: Texas
This paper provides an extensive account of child care practices in Texas, including information on the types and number of child care programs utilized by parents.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2001

Playgrounds & Peanut Butter: Serious Childhood Risks?
This article discusses policies for child safety which some would consider unnecessary and poorly thought out.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Fraser Institute • October 01, 2000

Neo-Conservatism and Child Care Services in Alberta: A Case Study
This paper looks at the child care system in Alberta, ...
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • 1997

Child Care by Kith and Kin: Supporting Family, Friends, and Neighbors Caring for Children
This report looks at the research on childcare by friends and relatives, particularly in low income communities.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Center for Children in Poverty • 1998

Child Care Conference [Final Report]
This paper summarizes the findings and conclusion for the conference on child care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Canadian Policy Research Networks • October 01, 2002

A Study of Family, Child Care and Well-Being in Young Canadian Families
Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), this study examined the effects child care has on child development, and what factors predict a family’s use of child care.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Human Resources Development Canada • March 01, 2001

In the Neighborhood: Programs that Strengthen Family Day Care for Low-Income Families
This paper examines the pros and cons of family daycare and compares it to public child care programs.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Centre for Children in Poverty • 1994

Recent Changes in Washington Welfare and Work, Child Care and Child Welfare Systems
This paper looks at the demographic, economic, and political situation in Washington, and focuses on this state's employment, financial assistance, child care, and child welfare programs for low-income families.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• The Urban Institute • August 01, 2001

More Than the Sum of the Parts: An Early Childhood Development System for Canada
That paper advocates the creation of a system of child care in which every community has access to early childhood education and care, combined with family supports.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • October 01, 2000

Spare the Rod? New Research Challenges Spanking Critics
This report looks at the arguments for and against spanking, and examines whether spanking distorts children’s perception of justice and harms their emotional development.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• Family Research Council • August 01, 2001

Statistics of Education: Children's Daycare Facilities at 31 March 2000 England
This report provides statistical information on the number of day nurseries, playgroups, childminders, after-school clubs and holiday programs available for children under eight in England in 2000.
• Category: Public Policy > Childcare
• National Statistics: Department for Education and Skills • October 01, 2000