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Single Parenting  

Crime and the Family: Improving Child-Rearing and Preventing Delinquency
This paper provides a summary of the February 3, 1994 conference on crime and the family.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Family Policy Studies Centre • February 3, 1994

Time to Care: A Comparison of How Couple and Sole Parents Households Allocate Time to Work and Children
This paper looks at the quality and quantity of time that single mothers spend with their children as compared to parents in couple relationships.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Social Policy Research Centre • June 01, 2004

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Early Parental Employment on Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
This study looked at the impact of early parental employment, particularly maternal employment, on children's developmental outcomes and found that the effects were quite small.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• American Psychological Association • March 01, 1999

Marriage Decline in America
This paper reports on the declining rates of marriage in America and emphasizes the negative impact this has on children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The National Marriage Project • May 22, 2001

When Parents Separate: Further Findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth.
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, this study examines the effects of parental separation on the family life course of children with particular attention to physical and economic well-being.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Child Support Team of the Department of Justice Canada • 2005

Dispute Resolution in the Family Court
This report suggests changes to conciliation processes in the New Zealand Family Court ...
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• New Zealand Law Commission • March 2003

Can Kids Get Smart About Marriage? A Veteran Teacher Reviews Some Leading Marriage and Relationship Education Programs
This paper, commissioned by the National Marriage Project, outlines different marriage education programs that are currently in use.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Marriage Project • 2000

Death and Divorce: The Long-Term Consequences of Parental Loss on Adolescents
This paper focuses on the impact of parental loss on children's futures by studying both the incomes and the marital and fertility behaviour of adults who, as adolescents, experienced parental divorce.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Statistics Canada • June 09, 1999

The Effect of Child Support on Welfare Entries and Exits
This paper demonstrates that child support payments effectively enable many young mothers to stay off of welfare.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • September 2000

Child Support Enforcement: Incentives and Well-Being
This study examines the effectiveness of stronger child support enforcement, and assesses the impact of legislation and enforcement policies on the economic well-being of single mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • February 08, 2001

The Effects of Children with Disabilities on Mothers Exits from Welfare
This paper examines the effect of child disability on single mothers' ability to leave welfare and return to work.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • September 20-21, 2001

Barriers to the Employment of Welfare Recipients
This paper studies the extent to which welfare-reliant single mothers experience barriers to employment such as poor physical or mental health, domestic violence, a lack of transportation, low skill, and substance abuse problems.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Population Studies Center • June 2002

The Determination of Child Custody
This article outlines the history and current status of decision-making in child custody cases, discusses the decisions made by both parents and courts, and analyzes changes in arrangements over time.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Future of Children • Spring 1994

Effects of Welfare Reform on Teenage Parents and their Children
This article discusses the effectiveness of the Teenage Parent Welfare Demonstration, a welfare-to-work program for teenage mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Future of Children • Summer/Fall 1995

Public Attitudes Toward Low-Income Families and Children: Circumstances Dictate Public Views of Government Assistance
This report discusses recent research about public attitudes toward low-income families.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Center for Children in Poverty • October 2003

Mothers’ Labor Supply in Fragile Families: The Role of Child Health
This paper examines the extent to which unwed mothers' ability to work is affected by poor child health.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • December 01, 2003

CASAWORKS for Families: A Promising Approach to Welfare Reform and Substance-Abusing Women
This paper describes an initiative that provides welfare-dependent women with simultaneous alcohol and drug treatment, literacy training, job skills education, parenthood training, social skills education, family violence prevention, and access to health care.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University • May 01, 2001

A Closer Look at Changes in Children’s Living Arrangements in Low-Income Families
This paper examines changes in the living arrangements of American children between 1999 and 2001, and discusses the stability of various family structures and their impact on child well-being.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Johns Hopkins University • February 20, 2000

Australian Social Trends 1999: Family - Living Arrangements: Caring for Children After Parents Separate
This article examines the living arrangements of children from divorced or separated homes, the frequency of contact between children and their absentee parent, and the payment of child support.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Bureau of Statistics • January 26, 2000

Teen Pregnancy: An American Dilemma
This paper outlines the increasing problem of teenage pregnancy in America and suggests that its root causes are increased sexual activity at an earlier age, changing attitudes of young people towards premarital sex, and the attitudes of parents towards sex and marriage.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The National Marriage Project • July 16, 1998

Child Support Distribution and Disbursement
This report reviews the changes to child support distribution that came as a result of the 1996 welfare reform laws in the United States.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Law and Social Policy • October 01, 2000

Australian Social Trends 1994: Family - Living Arrangements: Lone Fathers With Dependent Children
This document highlights Australian statistics on the labour force participation and housing arrangements of single fathers with dependant children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Bureau of Statistics • February 22, 2001

Low-Income Fathers and Child Support: Starting Off on the Right Track
This paper examines the importance of child support in single-parent families, major problems of the child support system, and ways in which state programs can improve the situation.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Policy Studies Inc. • January 01, 2003

Single Mothers of Children with Developmental Delay: Maltreatment and Life Stressors
This information sheet discusses the many stressors faced by single mothers of children with developmental delay, and demonstrates that these mothers are frequently reported for child maltreatment.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Centre of Excellence for Child Welfare • 2004

Fathering Indicators Framework: A Tool for Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis
This paper outlines the responsibilities of the father to work with other agencies and care givers for the positive development of the child.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Center on Fathers and Families • March 01, 2001

Comparing Parental Characteristics Regarding Child Neglect: An Analysis of Cases Retained by Child Protection Services in Quebec
This brief paper discusses the characteristics of neglected children and neglectful parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Centre of Excellence for Child Welfare • May 2003

Canadian Attitudes on the Family
This survey asked a broad range of questions dealing with all aspects of the attitudes of Canadians toward marital and family satisfaction, work/family balance, taxation, family size, the impacts of cohabitation, divorce, same-sex marriage, parenting and the impact of children on marital satisfaction, and the significance of religion.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Focus on the Family (Canada) • June 01, 2002

Children and Stepfamilies: A Snapshot
This report discusses the impact that being part of a stepfamily has on children's developmental outcomes and parent relationships.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Law and Social Policy • November 01, 1998

It's All in the Past: Exploring the Repercussions of Parents' Early Conjugal and Parental Histories on the Family Life Course of their Children
This study looks at parental union status before and after the birth of a child in order to determine the likelihood of parental separation.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources and Skills Development Canada • January 01, 2002

The Relationship Between Teenage Motherhood and Marriage
This research brief provides statistical information about the disadvantages teenage mothers and their children face as well as mothers' expectations to marry.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Child Trends/The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • September 2004

Custody, Access, and Child Support in Canada: Putting Children's Interests First
This consultation paper provides a forum for discussion and feedback about parenting and child support after the separation or divorce of a couple.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Department of Justice Canada • March 01, 2001

Final Federal-Provincial-Territorial Report on Custody Access and Child Support: Putting Children First
This paper looks at previous research, surveys and studies on the challenges faced by children and families throughout the process of family separation.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Federal-Provincial-Territorial Family Law Committee • November 01, 2002

How Broken Families Rob Children of Their Chances for Future Prosperity
This paper discusses the economic benefits of marriage and the impact of family composition on children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Heritage Foundation • June 11, 1999

Marriage and Welfare Reform: The Overwhelming Evidence that Marriage Education Works
This article looks at the effects of the 1996 welfare reform law to strengthen and increase the number of two-parent families in the United States.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Heritage Foundation • October 25, 2002

The Necessity of Marriage
This paper addresses why marriage is important for the foundation of a healthy, stable society.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Heritage Foundation • October 20, 2003

For Richer or Poorer? Marriage as an Anti-Poverty Strategy in the United States
This paper provides a critique of policies that promote marriage as a route to economic stability for single mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • July 01, 2003

The Self-Sufficiency Project at 36 Months: Effects on Children of a Program that Increased Parental Employment and Income
This paper reports the effects of a welfare-to-work program for the participants' children including effects on their income, ...
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Social Research and Demonstration Corporation • June 01, 2000

Children and Lone-Mother Families: An Investigation of Factors Influencing Child Well-Being
This paper examines the relationship between lone-mother status, mother and family characteristics, and child difficulties.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

Trailing the Class: Sole Parent Families and Educational Disadvantage
This paper explores the relationship between lower levels of academic achievement and family structure.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Centre for Independent Studies • June 26, 2000

A Balancing Act: Sources of Support, Child Care, and Hardship Among Unwed Mothers
This report examines single mothers' patterns of reliance on social support, the child care arrangements they make, and the particular physical, emotional, and economic challenges that these women face.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Columbia University School of Social Work • 2002

The Changing Role of Child Support among Never-Married Mothers
This paper shows that more never-married mothers are receiving child support than were in the past, although it continues to be relatively uncommon.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Poverty • October 01, 1999

No Minor Matter: Developing a Coherent Policy on Paternity Establishment for Children Born to Underage Parents
This report discusses the importance of being able to establish paternity for children born to unmarried parents and examines the particular challenges faced when the father is a minor.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Law and Social Policy • March 01, 2004

Work, Welfare, and Family Structure: A Review of the Evidence
This paper looks at a number of major American welfare reform programs, including Assistance for Families with Dependent Children, Medicaid, and food stamps.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Poverty • August 01, 1996

Then Comes Marriage?: Religion, Race and Marriage in Urban America
This paper examines the role that religious institutions play in encouraging new, unmarried parents to choose marriage rather than single parenthood.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Religious Inquiry Across the Disciplines • 2006

Does Welfare Play Any Role in Female Headship Decisions?
This paper seeks to determine whether or not welfare policies affect women's decision to head their own household.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Poverty • December 01, 1995

Quantity Time: Do Children Want More Time with Their Full-Time Employed Parents?
This paper assesses children's perception of the amount of time spent with working parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Working Families • April 01, 2002

Understanding the Contribution of Multiple Risk Factors on Child Development at Various Ages
This study expands on previous research examining the factors that put a child’s development at risk and, conversely, the contributions that affect positive developmental outcomes, such as parenting practices and social support.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

Depression, Substance Abuse, and Domestic Violence
This paper summarizes research on the occurrence of depression, domestic violence, and substance abuse among low-income women and the effects these factors have on women and their children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Center for Children in Poverty • June 2004

Single motherhood and mental health: implications for primary prevention
This paper provides an extensive survey of research done on the health of single mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Canadian Medical Association • March 01, 1997

Managing to Parent: Social Support, Social Capital, and Parenting Practices among Welfare-Participating Mothers with Young Children
This paper looks at the associations between social support, personal characteristics, and parenting style for welfare-dependent mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Poverty • May 01, 2003

Divorce Law: Questions and Answers
This brochure provides information on divorce and divorce-related issues in Canada.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Department of Justice Canada • 2006

One-Parent Families: Characteristics, Causes, Consequences, and Issues
This study of Canadian single-parent families explores the structural and cultural causes of single-parenthood, the causes of unmarried teen births, the consequences for children living in single-parent households and the issue of children's rights.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Vanier Institute of the Family • March 2006

Teen Parent Provisions in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
This paper examines the regulations, provisions, and purposes of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, otherwise known as the Welfare Reform Act of 1996.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Law and Social Policy • November 01, 1996

Employer Supports for Parents with Young Children
This paper looks at the ways in which employers have responded to increasing maternal employment by introducing programs and policies to help parents with young children balance work and family.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Future of Children • 2001

Too Old for Child Care? Too Young for Self Care?: Negotiations between Preteens and their Employed Parents
In this study the author interviews preteens concerning their negotiations with their parents about care arrangements for after-school hours.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Working Families • November 01, 1999

A New Generation of Canadian Families Raising Young Children: A New Look at Data from National Surveys
This paper provides data and research relating to parenting and child development, such as maternal age and education, single and dual income families, employment, parental separation, marriage, infant mortality, child care, and child behaviour/outcomes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada, Healthy Child Manitoba: Putting Children and Families First • September 01, 2003

Variations in Child Development Outcomes Among Children Living in Lone-Parent Families
This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) to document differences in developmental outcome variables between children living in lone-parent families and all other children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

A Longitudinal Analysis of Family Relationships and Children’s School Achievement in One- and Two-Parent Families
This paper analyzes data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) and assesses how factors such as family structure, family processes, and child characteristics are associated with teachers’ judgments of children’s academic success.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Social Development Canada • June 2000

Are Married Parents Really Better for Children? What Research Says About the Effects of Family Structure on Child Well-Being
This paper examines the impact of family structure on child development, well-being, family income and overall child welfare.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Centre for Law And Social Policy • May 01, 2003

Reversing Teen Pregnancy and Single Parenthood
This article describes the current crisis of out-of-wedlock births, explains why this is a problem for children, and provides suggestions for how to promote childbearing within marriage.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• American Experiment Quarterly • Summer 2001

Custody, Access, and Child Support in Canada: Report on Federal-Provincial-Territorial Consultations
From April 2001 to June 2001, the Federal-Provincial-Territorial Family Law Committee asked for feedback on how the government could improve the laws and services it provided for children of separation and divorce.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Department of Justice Canada • Fall 2001

Growing Up In Canada: Children With Single Mothers Have More Problems
This article is a summary of the Statistics Canada survey, "Growing Up In Canada".
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Joel Miller's Family Law Centre • October 01, 1996

Marriage In America: A Report to the Nation
This paper explores the state of marriage in th US and finds that it is rapidly deteriorating and, as a result, children are suffering.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for American Values • 1995

Comments on the Report of the Joint Select Committee on the Operation and the Interpretation of the Family Law Act
This document contains comments and recommendations by the Family Law Council pertaining to the Family Law Act ...
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Family Law Council • January 01, 1993

An Analysis of the Options for Changes in the Legal Regulation of Child Custody and Access
This paper examines possible reforms to the legal system that would enable it to facilitate the restructuring of parental relationships after divorce or separation.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Department of Justice Canada • 2001

The Effects of Marriage on Child Poverty
This paper examines the relationship between the increased number of single-parent homes and the levels of child poverty.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Heritage Foundation • April 15, 2002

The Top Ten Myths of Divorce
This article briefly addresses the ten top myths about divorce and covers topics such as cohabitation, remarriage, and stepparenting, as well as the effects of divorce upon finances and children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Rutgers State University • May 08, 2002

The Role of the Father After Divorce
This article discusses the importance of and challenges to creating a meaningful role for fathers after a divorce.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Future of Children • Spring 1994

Federation of Law Societies of Canada Consultation on Child Support Guidelines and Custody and Access
This paper offers an evaluation of family law by way of a summary of survey questionnaires and workshops provided to lawyers and judges involved in divorce and child custody cases.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Department of Justice Canada • 2001

Looking for Murphy Brown: Are College-Educated Single Mother Unique?
This paper looks at single-motherhood among college educated women, and explores the possibility that their attitudes towards marriage, and their reasons for becoming single mothers, differ significantly from less-educated women.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • Revised June 2003

My Children Come First: Welfare-Reliant Women's Post-TANF Views of Work-Family Trade-offs and Marriage
This paper explores women's perceptions of the welfare to work transition and the resulting work-family trade-offs, in the context of welfare reform in the United States.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• MDRC • December 2001

Characteristics of Families Using Title IV-D Services in 1999 and 2001
This report examines the characteristics of single-parent families who used the child support enforcement system in 1999 and 2001.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Office of Human Services Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • October 2004

Single Mothers, Social Capital, and Work-Family Conflict
This study analyses the extent to which single mothers' access to social capital affects their reports of work-family conflict.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • September 2004

Determinants of Australian Mothers' Employment: An Analysis of Lone and Couple Mothers
This paper examines potential reasons for lower rates of employment among lone mothers than among married mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • May 2002

Subsidizing Child Care for Low-Income Families: A Good Bargain for Canadian Governments?
This paper examines the effects child care has on the employment and income of lone-mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Public Policy • May 01, 1998

Child Care Expenses of America's Families
This paper examines child care expenses for working families and briefly outlines the impact of high cost daycare on parental employment, family time, economic stability, and quality of child care.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Urban Institute • December 01, 2000

The Absence of Father: Effects on Children's Development and Family Functioning
This paper investigates the effects of single parenthood on children’s social and cognitive development, academic achievement, and overall welfare.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Center on Fathers and Families • August 01, 1995

Child Health Statistics
This report presents statistical information pertaining to children's health and well being in England.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Statistics • 2000

Nonmarital First Births and Women's Life Histories
This paper looks at the future outcomes of unwed mothers who remain unmarried after the birth of their child.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Population Studies Center • May 2002

Living Arrangements of Single Mother Families: Variations, Transitions, and Child Development Outcomes
This study finds that children living with single or cohabiting mothers have poorer developmental outcomes than children living with married parents or with a single mother who lives with her parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Population Research Center • 2001

The Demography of Parent-Child Contact
This chapter from, Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, examines the relationship between different patterns of child care, and certain demographic elements of separated or divorced parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Nonresident Fathers Can Make a Difference in Children's School Performance
This issue brief shows that when nonresident fathers are highly involved with their children's schools, children are less likely to have to repeat a grade or to be suspended or expelled.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Center for Education Statistics • June 1998

Mental Health Problems Among Single Mothers: Implications for Work and Welfare Reform
This paper discusses the mental health problems of single mothers and examines how these problems act as barriers to employment and self-sufficiency.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy • December 2000

Fifty-Fifty Care
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, discusses child living arrangments after a divorce and examines the structure of and motivation behind joint custody.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Daytime-Only Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, explores the prevalence of daytime-only custody provisions, and discusses why it is one of the most common post-divorce child care arrangements.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Little or No Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, explores the perceptions of, and reasons behind, father absence after divorce.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Holiday-Only Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post-Separation Parenting Arrangements, discusses the issue of parental relocation after a divorce and the holiday-only child visitation arrangements.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Maternal Stress and Mothering Behaviors in Stable and Unstable Families
This paper examines the effect of family structure arrangements on maternal stress and parenting style.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • Revised May 2004

Home-Alone America
This paper discusses “whether and just how much children need their parents — especially their mothers” and examines increasing divorce rates, out-of-wedlock births, youth crime, violence, and murder.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Hoover Institute • July 01, 2001

AbstractRe/Working Benefits: Continuation of Non-Cash Benefits Support for Single Mothers and Disabled Women
This study asked single mothers and women with disabilities about the importance of the non-cash benefits that they received while on welfare, such as childcare, housing, and transportation.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Status of Women Canada, Policy Research Fund • February 01, 2003

Divorce: Facts, Figures, and Consequences
This report answers common questions about divorce and discusses the impact of divorce on children and adults.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Vanier Institute of the Family • 2002

Economic Correlates of Nonmarital Childbearing Among Adult Women
This study found that adult women who give birth out of wedlock have a similar socio-economic status and rate of poverty and welfare dependency as do women who give birth as adolescents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • June 01, 1997

The Dreams and the Reality: Assets, Debts, and Net Worth of Canadian Households
This report examines assets, debts and net worth of Canadians by using Statistics Canada data from 1999.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Vanier Institute of the Family • 2000

Profiles and Transitions of Groups at Risk: Lone Parents
This paper attempts to determine what differentiates lone parents who escape poverty from those who do not.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • November 01, 2002

Creating An Alternative to Welfare: First-Year Findings on the Implementation, Welfare Impacts, and Costs of the Self-Sufficiency Project
This report examines the effectiveness of the early stages of the Self-Sufficiency Project (SSP), and the impact the earnings supplement program has on welfare, low-wage work, and income assistance among single parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • December 01, 1995

The Absence of Father: Effects on Children's Development and Family Functioning
This article aims to examine the long term effect on children due to the father's absence.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The National Center on Fathers and Families • August 01, 1995

Opening Doors: Students' Perspectives on Juggling Work, Family and College
This study looks at the challenges faced by low-income workers who have the opportunity to increase their earning potential by gaining credentials through a community college.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation • July 01, 2002

Differences in Labour Force Participation Earnings and Welfare Participation Among Canadian Lone Mothers: A Longitudinal Data Analysis
This paper analyzes the labour force and welfare participation of Canadian lone mothers by examining data from income tax files between 1982 and 1997.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 2001

Does Single Parenthood Increase the Probability of Teenage Promiscuity, Drug Use and Crime?
This paper studies the impact of single-parent families on teenagers, and explores the relationship between parental absence and adolescents substance abuse, crime, and sexual activity.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Claremont McKenna College • November 01, 2002

Experiments in Living: The Fatherless Family
This paper looks at factors leading to the decline of two parent families and outlines the effects of single-parenting and divorce on men, women, and children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• CIVITAS – The Institute for the Study of Civil Society • September 01, 2002

Economic Status in Later Life Among Women Who Raised Children Outside of Marriage
This paper examines the economic status of older women who, at some point in their lives, spent ten years or more raising children outside of marriage.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Urban Institute • February 01, 2004

Vulnerability to Future Dependence Among Former AFDC Mothers
This study demonstrates that a significant number of women who had formerly relied on Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) returned to it after only a short period of time.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Poverty • January 01, 1995

Motherhood Today- A Tougher Job, Less Ably Done: As American Women See It
This public opinion poll charts women's views on the nature, challenges and benefits of motherhood.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Pew Research Centre for the People & the Press • May 09, 1997

Poverty Among Children Born Outside of Marriage: Preliminary Findings from the National Survey of American Families
This paper provides evidence from American families that children born to unmarried mothers are significantly more likely to experience poverty than children born to married parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Urban Institute • December 01, 1999

Marriage and Economic Liberty
This paper examines the benefits of marriage, the harmful social costs of absentee parents, and the link between infant mortality and single-parenthood.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Acton Institute for the Study of Religion and Liberty • December 01, 1995

Lone Mothers, Employment, and Well-Being
This paper examines the causes of economic and material hardship for lone mothers in the UK.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Joseph Rowntree Foundation • September 01, 1997

The Impact of Disabilities on Mothers’ Work Participation: Examining Differences Between Single and Married Mothers
This paper investigates the ways in which maternal employment is affected by having a disability or by having a child with a disability.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Women's Policy Research • February 01, 2004

Married and Unmarried Parenthood and Economic Well-Being: A Dynamic Analysis of a Recent Cohort
This paper examines the living standards, income, and financial stability of single-parent, cohabiting, and married couple families to determine the impact of family structure on economic well-being.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• U. S. Department of Health and Human Services • July 01, 2002

Promoting Marriage as Welfare Policy: Looking at Public Role in Private Lives
This paper explores the government's use of welfare reform as a means of promoting and strengthening the institution of marriage.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The George Washington University • February 15, 2002

Children and Lone-Mother Families: An Investigation of Factors Influencing Child Well-Being
Using data of children ages 6 to 11, this paper analyzes the relationship between family characteristics (specifically lone-mother status) and child difficulties
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

The Real Root Causes of Violent Crime: The Breakdown of Marriage, Family, and Community
This paper provides an in-depth look at the pyschological and sociological determinants of criminal behaviour, including lack of parental discipline, fatherless families, domestic violence, and parental abuse or neglect.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Heritage Foundation • March 17, 1995

Changes in the Labour Force Status of Lone and Couple Australian Mothers, 1983-2002
This paper studies trends in labour force participation rates of Australian mothers, and looks at the determinants of their employment, such as educational attainment, age, and number of children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • June 01, 2003

The Health of Lone Mothers
This paper examines the health of lone mothers over time and compares it to the health of mothers in dual parent homes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Statistics Canada • October 01, 1999

Family Structure and Mental Health
Using previously collected data, the author focuses attention on social and psychological processes that point to new methods of analysis in the areas of stress and family structure, poverty in single-parent households and health, and the impact of childhood experiences on subsequent family structure.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• CMHS/ Mental Health Statistics Improvement Program • June 01, 2003

Research Summary: Families of Adult Prisoners
This paper presents statistical information relating to families who have a relative in prison, highlights some challenges and problems faced by these families, and outlines several programs and services available to them.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Family and Corrections Network • 1993

Profiling Canada's Families II
This document contains comprehensive and detailed information pertaining to the contemporary Canadian family.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Vanier Institute of the Family • 1998

Symptoms of Depression Among Welfare Recipients: A Concern for Two Generations
This paper examines the prevalence of depression among low-income single mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Child Trends • December 01, 2001

Gaining Ground: Women, Welfare Reform, and Work
This report demonstrates that Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), a program of welfare reform, was successful in getting many single mothers off welfare and into the workforce.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Center for Policy Alternatives • February 01, 2002

The Dimensions, Pathways, and Consequences of Youth Reentry
This paper discusses the responsibility and challenge of the community as they respond to integrating young people, who have been in adult prisons, back into society.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Urban Institute • January 01, 2004

Single-Parent Families and Their Impact on Children: Changing Portrayals in Popular Magazines in the U.S., 1900-1998
This study examines how twentieth century magazines depict the acceptability of single parent families, the impact of single parenting on children, and the factors that contribute to the formation of a single-parent family.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • May 01, 2003

Lone-Father Families in Canada 1971-1996
This paper explores the nature of lone-father families, specifically with regard to the effects of single-parenting on employment, income and poverty.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Population Studies Centre University of Western Ontario • June 09, 1999

Home Literacy Activities and Signs of Children’s Emerging Literacy, 1993 and 1999
This paper discusses the importance of parental involvement in children's learning, and looks specifically at the effect of family participation in literacy education.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• National Centre for Education Statistics • November 01, 1999

Low Income, Labour Force Participation and Women in Housing Need, 1991
Using data from 1991 housing cost surveys, this paper discusses core housing need and demonstrates its connection to low household income and lack of workforce participation.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Depository Services Program • 1991

The Age of Unwed Mothers: Is Teen Pregnancy the Problem?
In this paper the author argues that the growing problem of unmarried motherhood is the result of increased childbearing among unwed women in their twenties.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for American Values • 1999

An Ounce of Prevention and a Pound of Cure: Developing a State Policy on the Payment of Child Support Arrears by Low Income Parents
This paper argues that child support payments are very important for lone mothers with low or moderate income, and demonstrates that the majority of these women receive no child support from their children's father.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Law and Social Policy • May 01, 2001

Life Without Father: What Happens to the Children?
This paper studies the adverse effects of father absence in single-parent homes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research and Child Wellbeing, Princeton University • August 15, 2001

Changes in Family Structure and Child Well-Being: Evidence from the 2002 National Survey of America’s Families
This paper shows that children living with married parents experience less material hardship than children living in single-parent or cohabiting homes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• The Urban Institute • August 15, 2003

Remarriage, Cohabitation, and Changes in Mothering Behavior
This paper investigates the extent to which cohabitation and remarriage affect single mothers' parenting in terms of parental supervision and time spent with children, patterns of disicpline and decision making, and relationship quality.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • May 01, 1998

Neo-Conservatism and Child Care Services in Alberta: A Case Study
This paper looks at the child care system in Alberta, ...
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Childcare Resource and Research Unit • 1997

Child Care Conference [Final Report]
This paper summarizes the findings and conclusion for the conference on child care.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Canadian Policy Research Networks • October 01, 2002

Life After Welfare: The Economic Well-Being of Women and Children Following an Exit from AFDC
This study looks at the overall economic well-being of women who left welfare assistance, and discusses factors that affect their outcomes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Institute for Research on Poverty • August 01, 1996

Family Portrait (2003 Version)
This book contains a compilation of information on various family-related issues such as marriage, adoption, cohabitation, divorce, unmarried childbearing, childcare, stepfamilies, and teen issues.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Family Research Council • August 01, 2002

Policy Research Issues for Canadian Youth: Transition Experiences of Young Women
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the transitional experiences of young women.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Human Resources Development Canada • April 01, 2002

The Invisible Sentence Project
This report presents the findings of a survey of women who had family members in prison.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Single Parenting
• Central West Women's Health Centre • June 01, 2003

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