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Maternal Work Behavior Under Welfare Reform: How Does the Transition From Welfare to Work Affect Child Development?
This paper examines the impact that the transitions from welfare to work have on parenting style and child behavior.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • May 2002

Successful Parenting in High-Risk Neighbourhoods
This article examines strategies used by inner-city African-American parents to protect their children from the risks of a disadvantaged environment and set them on the road to achievement and success.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Future of Children • Fall 1999

The Contribution of Parenting to Ethnic and Racial Gaps in School Readiness
This article describes several parenting behaviours, such as discipline, nurturance, language use, and education, and examines differences in these behaviours between white and black parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Future of Children • Spring 2005

"Caution! Kids at Play?" Unstructured Time Use among Children and Adolescents

• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Vanier Institute of the Family • October 1, 2009

Youth Governance: How and Why It Can Help Out-of-School Time Programs Involve at-Risk Youth
This report recommends implementing youth governance relationships within out-of-school programs between at-risk youth and adult leaders.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • June 2008

Understanding the Early Years: Early Childhood Development in Niagara Falls, Ontario
Using data from the the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), this report seeks to explain children's outcomes in terms of family background, family processes, and community factors.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Human Resources Development Canada • June 01, 2003

Supporting Healthy Relationships Between Young Children and Their Parents
This brief explores attachment theory offering definitions, research and guidelines for healthy relationships between parents and children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Child and Family Policy Duke University • Spring 2007

Discipline of the Child – Corporal Punishment: A Scientific Review of its Use in Discipline
This policy paper from the American College of Pediatricians examines corporal punishment by examining the discipline process and reviewing the current research related to parental disciplinary spanking.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• American College of Pediatricians • December 2007

Guidelines for Parental Use of Disciplinary Spanking
This brief outlines the American College of Pediatricians’ guidelines for parental corporal discipline.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• American College of Pediatricians • 2007

The Concerns of Australian Parents
This report presents the findings of a survey which investigated the parenting concerns of Australian parents and the extent to which they felt confident about their style of parenting.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Australian Childhood Foundation • March 2004

The Changing Face of Parenting: Exploring the Attitudes of Parents in Contemporary Australia
This report outlines issues of concern to parents in contemporary society and explores changes to parenting attitudes and practices over time.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Australian Childhood Foundation • April 2005

Where is Evidence That Non-Abusive Corporal Punishment Increases Aggression?
This paper questions the effectiveness of anti-spanking legislation by comparing rates of spanking, child abuse, and other forms of physical aggression in the United States and Sweden.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Biola University • August 18, 1996

Parenting Effects on Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem in Late Adolescence and How Those Factors Impact Adjustment to College
This study evaluates the effect of two parenting styles on the self-efficacy and self-esteem of high school seniors entering college.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Eastern Psychological Association • March 23, 2007

Parent Stress and the Active Child
This study sought to determine whether mothers with highly active children experience more stress.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• University of Wisconsin- River Falls • April 10, 2006

On Relative Effects of Parenting Behaviors and Parent-Adolescent Relationships on Adolescent Self-Evaluations
This paper explores whether parent-adolescent relationship quality or parenting behaviours are more directly linked to adolescent self-evaluations.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Society for Research on Adolescence • April 11, 2002

Parenting, School Contexts and Violent Delinquency
This study examines the relationship between parental monitoring and youth violent delinquency, as well as the extent to which this relationship may be influenced by the school context.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Statistics Canada • January 2010

Promoting Fathers' Engagement With Children: Preventive Interventions for Low-Income Families
This study evaluates the impact of three types of programs that aim to enhance father involvement n low-income families.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Journal of Marriage and Family • August 2009

Will Parent Training Reduce Abuse, Enhance Development and Save Money? Let's Find Out
This policy brief presents a strategy for testing community-developed parent training initiatives.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Future of Children • Fall 2009

The Power of Parenting TV Programmes – Help or Hazard for Today’s Families?
This survey examines the popularity and influence of parenting television shows among parents in Great Britain.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• National Family and Parenting Institute • October 2006

Fathers’ Activities with Their Kids
This research brief looks at fathers' involvement in their children's everyday lives, school activities, rule making, and religious activities.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • June 01, 2001

African American Adolescent Girls in Impoverished Communities: Quality of Parenting and Adolescent Outcomes
This paper discusses the effect of parenting style and parental involvement on the behaviour, educational achievement, employment, sexual activity and pregnancy history of young black girls living in poverty.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Joint Center for Poverty Research • June 14, 1999

Nonresident Parenting and Adolescent Adjustment: The Quality of Nonresident Father-Child Interaction
This paper examines characteristics of nonresident fathers' involvement with their children and parenting styles that affect children's adjustment in adolescence.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • 2000

The Intergenerational Transmission of Gender Role Attitudes: Do Fathers Matter?
This paper examines the extent to which fathers' gender role attitudes and behaviours affect their offsprings' attitudes, both independently and in conjunction with maternal influences.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • May 2000

Past, Present, and Future Roles of Child Protective Services
This article looks at the historical development of the child protection system, the way in which it currently operates, and the challenges and issues it will have to deal with in the future.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Future of Children • Spring 1998

Comparing Parental Characteristics Regarding Child Neglect: An Analysis of Cases Retained by Child Protection Services in Quebec
This brief paper discusses the characteristics of neglected children and neglectful parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Centre of Excellence for Child Welfare • May 2003

Do Good Partners Make Good Parents? Relationship Quality and Parenting in Two-Parent Familes
This study demonstrates that positive mother-father relationships are associated with higher quality parent-child relationships.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • Revised November 2006

American Fatherhood Types: The Good, the bad, and the Uninterested
This paper explores four typologies of men in contemporary American society: the new involved father, the good provider, the deadbeat dad and the paternity-free man and compare these typologies to father data from the 1920s and 30s.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Issues Press • March 22, 2004

Parents' Problem Solving with Preadolescents and its Association with Social Withdrawal at School: Considering Parents' Stress and Child Gender
This study explores interrelationships between parental stress, problem solving and adolescent social withdrawal.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2005

Preadolescent Parenting Strategies and Teens’ Dating and Sexual Initiation: A Longitudinal Analysis
This paper examines the effect of pre-adolescent parental support, monitoring, and coercive control on the timing of adolescents' dating and first sexual encounter.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Family and Demographic Studies • 2000

Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law v. Canada (Attorney General)
This court decision of July 5, 2000 deals with section 43 of the Criminal Code -- reasonable discipline (corporal punishment)-- and examines the extent to which parents and teachers may use force to correct children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Ontario Court of Appeal • July 05, 2000

Maternal Employment, Family Processes, and Early Adjustment for Children Living in Poverty
This paper explores the effect of maternal employment on young children's development in low-income families.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • December 2003

Men's Pregnancy Intentions and Prenatal Behaviors: What They Mean for Fathers' Involvement With Their Children
This research brief highlights evidence that fathers who are happy about the prospect of becoming a father are more likely to be involved in the mother's pregnancy and more likely to be involved with their infants.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • 2007

Partner Violence, Attitudes to Child Discipline & Use of Corporal Punishment: A South African National Survey
This report presents the results of a survey that investigated the experience of partner violence and attitudes towards childrearing and the use of corporal punishment in South Africa.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child, Youth and Family Development, Human Sciences Research Council • 2004

Paternal Involvement and Infant-Father Attachment: A Q-Set Study
This study found that men's involvement with their infants predicted higher levels of infant-father attachment security.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2004

The Father Presence Questionnaire: A New Measure of the Subjective Experience of Being Fathered
This study introduces a new social science measure called the Father Presence Questionnaire (FPQ).
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2006

Playing With Daddy: Social Toy Play, Early Head Start, and Developmental Outcomes
Researchers in this study monitored father-toddler social toy play in relation to child development, fathers' mental/social wellbeing and enrolment in the Early Head Start program.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • January 1, 2004

Predictors of Paternal Involvement in Childcare in Dual-Earner Families With Young Children
This study examined fathers in dual-earner households to determine the percentage of time fathers spend as their child's primary caregiver.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • January 1, 2006

Good Fathering: Father and Son Perceptions of What It Means To Be A Good Father
This study asked fathers and sons to list qualities that good fathers possess.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2006

Men Who Father Children with More Than One Woman: A Contemporary Portrait of Multiple-Partner Fertility
This research brief highlights the prevalence and the problems of multiple-partner fertility.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • 2006

Revisiting Men's Role in Father Involvement: The Importance of Personal Expectations
This study examined expectant fathers' and mothers' expectations for paternal involvement to see if expectations for paternal involvement predicted paternal involvement postnatally.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2005

The Transition to Fatherhood: Identity and Bonding in Early Pregnancy
This study examined the link between father identity and paternal bonding during the first trimester of pregnancy.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • September 22, 2006

A Role Theory Perspective on Patters of Separated and Divorced African-American Nonresidential Father Involvement with Children
This study investigates the characteristics of African-American fathers that predispose them to be more or less involved in their children's lives following divorce.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • January 1, 2006

Conditions Affecting the Association Between Father Identity and Father Involvement
This study examined how levels of interparental cooperation and indirect conflict moderate the link between father identity and involvement.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • January 1, 2005

Learning Competent Fathering: A Longitudinal Analysis of Marital Intimacy and Fathering
This study examined how marital intimacy affects fathers' parenting skills.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • September 22, 2006

Father Involvement and Adolescent Adjustment: Longitudinal Findings from Add Health
This study examined fathers' involvement in their teens' lives and associated levels of problem behaviors, including depressive symptoms.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2006

What's at the Heart of the Canadian Family?
This study asked roughly 4000 Canadians at different life stages about their perceptions of family life today.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Institute of Marriage and Family Canada • September 20, 2007

On the Receiving End: Young Adults Describe their Parent’s Use of Physical Punishment and Other Disciplinary Measures During Childhood
This study examines the prevalence, nature and context of physical punishment and other forms of parental discipline experienced during childhood by a study group of adults in New Zealand.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The New Zealand Medical Journal • January 27, 2006

Family Relationships and Children’s School Achievement: Data From the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth
This study analyzes how school achievement for children, ages 6 to 11, is affected by family relationship processes and family member characteristics.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

Understanding the Contribution of Multiple Risk Factors on Child Development at Various Ages
This study expands on previous research examining the factors that put a child’s development at risk and, conversely, the contributions that affect positive developmental outcomes, such as parenting practices and social support.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

Managing to Parent: Social Support, Social Capital, and Parenting Practices among Welfare-Participating Mothers with Young Children
This paper looks at the associations between social support, personal characteristics, and parenting style for welfare-dependent mothers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Institute for Research on Poverty • May 01, 2003

Preparing for Parenthood: Who's Ready, Who's Not?
This study examines pregnancy intendedness, attendance at parenting classes, access to support from family or friends, and psychological preparedness in order to assess couples' readiness to parent.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • May 01, 1998

Mothering and Motherhood: A Decade Review
This paper provides an overview of recent research on motherhood, focusing on the development of motherhood theories and the empirical study of the experience of mothering.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Working Families • April 01, 1999

Attachment to Parents and Adjustment in Adolescence: Literature Review and Policy Implications
This paper provides an overview of existing research on the effect of the parent-child bond on healthy adolescent social and psychological adjustment.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Health Canada • March 31, 2000

Grandmother and Parent Influences on Child Self-esteem
This paper proposes an intergenerational link between a grandmother’s drug use and a grandchild’s low self-esteem.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• American Academy of Pediatrics • February 2007

A New Generation of Canadian Families Raising Young Children: A New Look at Data from National Surveys
This paper provides data and research relating to parenting and child development, such as maternal age and education, single and dual income families, employment, parental separation, marriage, infant mortality, child care, and child behaviour/outcomes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Human Resources Development Canada, Healthy Child Manitoba: Putting Children and Families First • September 01, 2003

Protecting Parental Liberty in a Child-Centered Legal System
This paper analyzes the balance between parental autonomy and the state's responsibility in protecting children from parental abuse.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Centre for Cultural Renewal • July 27, 2005

Verbal Aggression by Parents and Pyschosocial Problems of Children
This article describes the relationship between parental verbal aggression and child aggression, delinquency, and interpersonal difficulties.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Pergamon Press • 1991

Psychological Aggression by American Parents: National Data on Prevalence, Chronicity, and Severity
This article explores the dynamics of parental aggression toward children throughout infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Journal of Marriage and the Family • November 2003

The Benefits of Never Spanking: New and More Definitive Evidence
This book chapter discusses social science research that demonstrates the benefits of avoiding corporal punishment and offers an estimate of the overall benefits to children, families and society if all forms of physical punishment were to end.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Transaction Publishers • 2001

Corporal Punishment and Academic Achievement Scores of Young Children: A Longitudinal Study
This paper provides evidence that corporal punishment may lead to decreased academic performance among children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Family Research Laboratory • 2003

Corporal Punishment by American Parents: National Data on Prevalence, Chronicity, Severity, and Duration, in Relation to Child and Family Characteristics
This article presents data from a 1995 survey of American parents concerning the prevalence, frequency, severity, and duration of the use corporal punishment on children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Plenum Publishing Corporation • 1999

Child, Maternal, and Family Characteristics Associating with Spanking
This article presents statistical information relating to maternal use of corporal punishment in the United States and examines variations in this pattern by age, socio-economic status, gender, marital status, race, religion, geographic location, and community characteristics.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Family Relations • April 1995

Disciplining Children in Québec: Parenting Norms and Practices in 2004
This paper describes the results of a survey that investigated prevalence trends in mothers' attitudes towards and use of non-violent punishment, physical violence, and psycholgocial aggression to discipline their children in Quebec.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Institut de la Statistique du Québec, • 2005

The Changing Culture of Parenting
In this paper the author argues that profound cultural shifts have significantly altered the ways in which Canadians parent their children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Vanier Institute of the Family • May 2004

Combining Love and Limits in Authoritative Parenting: A Conditional Sequence Model of Disciplinary Responses
This paper examines the benefits and effectiveness of an authoritative parenting style and it advocates the use of both reasoning and punishment to correct a child's behaviour.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• University of Wisconsin-Madison • 1998

Emotional Support From Parents Early in Life, Aging, and Health
This article explores the relationship between parental provision of emotional support during childhood and an individual's health in adulthood.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• American Psychological Association • 2004

Changes in Children's Well-Being and Family Environments
This study looks at various indicators of child well-being and concludes that overall child welfare either remained stable or declined during the period from 1997 to 2002.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Urban Institute • January 01, 2004

Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen
The author examines the trend in which young people are entering adolescence early, skipping the preadolescence stage.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Manhattan Institute • Autumn 1998

The Parent-Teen Relationship: Life Through a Teenager's Eyes
This document briefly summarizes some key elements that characterize adolescent life and experiences, such as rebellion, self-centeredness, the desire for individuality, and aggressiveness.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Health Canada • 1995

The Demography of Parent-Child Contact
This chapter from, Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, examines the relationship between different patterns of child care, and certain demographic elements of separated or divorced parents.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Holiday-Only Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post-Separation Parenting Arrangements, discusses the issue of parental relocation after a divorce and the holiday-only child visitation arrangements.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

"Standard" Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, examines the extent of standard contact arrangements between non-resident parents and their children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

The Health Behaviors of American Parents: Implications for Children
This paper demonstrates that many American parents have poor health behaviours that include smoking, drinking, being overweight and sedentary, and not receiving adequate health care.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • 1999

Mediating Factors in Child Development Outcomes: Children in Lone-Parent Families
This paper examines the extent to which children from lone-parent families differ from those of two-parent families according to such factors as family income, parental resources, community resources, and family characteristics.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 1998

Maternal Stress and Mothering Behaviors in Stable and Unstable Families
This paper examines the effect of family structure arrangements on maternal stress and parenting style.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • Revised May 2004

Parent-Child Relationships
This document provides information on children's development and needs, as well as on the role of parents in fostering healthy relationships with their children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Health Canada • February 1993

Correlates of Family Routines in Head Start Families
This study examines the relationship between family routines and other phenomena that affect the family.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Early Childhood and Parenting (ECAP) Collaborative • Spring 2004

Corporal Punishment by Parents: The Cradle of Violence in the Family and Society
This article compares corporal punishment to other forms of family violence and describes its widespread use in American families.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the Law • Fall 2000

Corporal Punishment of Adolescents and Academic Attainment
In this paper the authors review findings relating to the prevlanence and frequency of corporal punishment use by American parents and hypothesize that the more corporal punishment a child experiences, the less likely it is that he/she will complete a post-secondary education.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Family Research Laboratory • April 07, 1995

There Was an Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe: Number of Children and Corporal Punishment
This paper discusses some of the potentially negative consequences of corporal punishment and demonstrates that a positive correlation exists between family size and the frequency and duration of corporal punishment use.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Family Research Laboratory • August 09, 1997

Charting Parenthood: A Statistical Portrait of Fathers and Mothers in America
This report uses data from national surveys to provide a comprehensive comparison of mothers and fathers on more than 40 indicators of parenting, family formation, and fertility.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • July 09, 2002

Child Management in Middle-Class Families in the Early Twentieth Century: Reconsidering Fatherhood in a New Context
This paper documents a shift from the nineteenth century perception of fathers as breadwinners, household heads, and disciplinarians, towards an early twentieth century ideology that encourages warm father-child relationships and increased father involvement in the lives of their children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Working Families • May 01, 2002

The Meaning Of Father Involvement for Children
This research brief discusses the many ways that fathers can be involved in the lives of their children.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Child Trends • 1999

Parenting in Australian Families: A Comparative Study of Anglo, Torres Strait Islander, and Vietnamese Communities
This paper investigates the parenting practices of Australian families, and looks at how they are being influenced by social and cultural situations, beliefs and practices.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2000

Reinventing Fatherhood: Toward an Historical Understanding of Continuity and Change in Men's Family Lives
The authors argue that researchers in the U.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• National Center on Fathers and Families • December 01, 1998

Disciplining Children: Research With Parents in Scotland
This paper explores parental views on discipline, both physical and non-physical, and on the acceptability of spanking and its role in parenting and in family life.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Scottish Executive Central Research Unit • 2002

The Parent-Teen Relationship: How Parents Can Make the Most Out Of It
This document gives a brief description of the struggles adolescents face in society today, the importance of a good parent-teen relationship, and parenting strategies for positive discipline and effective communication.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Health Canada • 1995

Focused on their Families: Religion, Parenting, and Child Well-being
This study provides evidence that conservative religious convictions contribute to a positive, authoritative style of parenting that is associated with enhanced child outcomes.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • July 01, 2002

Locking up Parents? A Response to the Government' Consultation on the Physical Punishment of Children
This paper, published by the Christian Institute, presents a Biblical perspective on corporal punishment (spanking).
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• The Christian Institute • April 01, 2000

Caring Differently: A Time-Use Analysis of the Type and Social Context of Child Care Performed by Fathers and Mothers
This paper examines differences in the child care patterns and activities of mothers and fathers.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Social Policy Research Center • September 01, 2002

Remarriage, Cohabitation, and Changes in Mothering Behavior
This paper investigates the extent to which cohabitation and remarriage affect single mothers' parenting in terms of parental supervision and time spent with children, patterns of disicpline and decision making, and relationship quality.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • May 01, 1998

Unmarried Parents and Models of Fatherhood: New or Conventional Ideas about Paternal Involvement
This study examines the beliefs of unmarried, low-income fathers from varying racial and ethnic backgrounds regarding the role they should play in their children's lives.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • August 10, 1999

Spare the Rod? New Research Challenges Spanking Critics
This report looks at the arguments for and against spanking, and examines whether spanking distorts children’s perception of justice and harms their emotional development.
• Category: Parenthood/Childrearing > Parenting Style
• Family Research Council • August 01, 2001

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