Key Determinants of Mothers' Decisions to Allow Visits With Non-Custodial Fathers
This study examined the frequency of father-child contact and child support payments after the dissolution of a non-marital relationship to determine which factors made mothers more likely to allow fathers access to their children.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Mens Studies Press • March 22, 2004

Men Who Father Children with More Than One Woman: A Contemporary Portrait of Multiple-Partner Fertility
This research brief highlights the prevalence and the problems of multiple-partner fertility.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Child Trends • 2006

A Role Theory Perspective on Patters of Separated and Divorced African-American Nonresidential Father Involvement with Children
This study investigates the characteristics of African-American fathers that predispose them to be more or less involved in their children's lives following divorce.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Mens Studies Press • January 1, 2006

Conditions Affecting the Association Between Father Identity and Father Involvement
This study examined how levels of interparental cooperation and indirect conflict moderate the link between father identity and involvement.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Mens Studies Press • January 1, 2005

Hague Conference on Private International Law: Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction
This document outlines the convention provisions regarding kidnapping or wrongful retention of children due to disputes over custody and access resulting from parental divorce/separation.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Hague Conference on Private International Law • October 01, 1980

Welfare Reform, Fertility, and Father Involvement
This article examines the unique role that fathers play in their children's lives, and demonstrates that public policies have considerable influence on childbearing patterns and a father's involvement with his children.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Future of Children • 2002

Undeserved Trust: Reflections on the ALI's Treatment of De Facto Parents
This chapter from the book Reconceiving the Family: Critical Reflections on the American Law Institute's Principles of the Law of Family Dissolution criticizes the American Law Institute's proposal to grant custody rights to legal parents' live-in partners.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Cambridge University Press • May 2006

The Politics of Fatherhood
This article outlines the statistics regarding fatherlessness and provides ...
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Political Science and Politics • December 2002

Child Adjustment in Joint-Custody Versus Sole-Custody Arrangements: A Meta-Analytic Review
This article explores the benefits of joint custody arrangements for children following parental divorce.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• American Psychological Association • 2002

Children’s Living Arrangements in Divorced Wisconsin Families with Shared Placement
This paper discusses the benefits and drawbacks of shared placement and sole custody arrangements after divorce.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Institute for Research on Poverty • June 01, 2003

Bill-41, An Act to amend the Divorce Act, Evidence presented to the Standing Committee on Justice and Law
This page contains the minutes to a Justice Committee meeting in which ‘expert’ witnesses provide input on Bill C-41.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• House of Commons • October 22, 1996

A Report From Canada's 'Gender War Zone': Reforming The Child-Related Provisions of the Divorce Act
This study looks at ways to refocus the litigation process more on children's wellbeing without overlooking concerns about spousal abuse and its effects on children.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Canadian Journal of Family Law • August 25, 1999

Relocation of Custodial Parents
This paper looks at the legal and juridical situation regarding relocation of a custodial parent in Canada, as well as the situations in other jurisdictions.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Status of Women Canada • March 01, 1998

The Family Law Reform Act 1995: The First Three Years
This study looks at the impact of the 1995 reforms to the family law system in Australia.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• University of Sydney & Family Court of Australia • December 2000

Court Affirms Natural Basis for Family: Johnson-Steeves v. Lee, Alberta Court of Queen's Bench, Action No. 9501 03160
This paper summarizes and comments on a case in which a woman claimed she did not have to provide a father access to his son because she became pregnant with the intention that the father would not be involved in the son’s life.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Centre for Cultural Renewal • May 27, 1997

Child Support Policy Concepts and Proposals That Will Impact Poor Families
This brief describes proposed changes to child support laws being considered by the American government in 2001.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center on Fathers, Families, and Public Policy • May 2001

Dollars and Sense: Improving the Determination of Child Support Obligations for Low-Income Mothers, Fathers, and Children
This report discusses the legal and policy context in which child support awards are set, reviewed, and adjusted.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• National Women's Law Center, Center on Fathers, Families, and Public Policy • 2002

Recommendations for Improved Outreach to Noncustodial Parents: A Report to the State of Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development
This report outlines recommendations for increasing the participation of noncustodial parents in education, training, and employment programs.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Fathers, Families, and Public Policy • February 2004

Barriers to Outreach and Recruitment of Noncustodial Parents: A Report to the State of Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development
This report, which is based on the outcomes of focus group discussions, highlights some obstacles faced in motivating noncustodial parents to enroll in training and employment programs.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center on Fathers, Families, and Public Policy • February 2004

A Look at Arrests of Low-Income Fathers for Child Support Nonpayment: Enforcement, Court, and Program Practices
This series of three papers examines the incidence of paternal arrest for child support nonpayment, the court process for fathers who are arrested for nonpayment, and programs that have had success in addressing these problems.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Family Policy and Practice • January 2005

Leaving the Street: Young Fathers Move from Hustling to Legitimate
This report examines illegal and legitimate employment among men involved in "Fathers at Work", a national program intended to help economically disadvantaged, noncustodial fathers obtain living-wage employment, become more involved in their children's lives, and make required child support payments.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Public/Private Ventures • February 2005

The Fatherhood Movement and Domestic Violence
This paper discusses the prevalence and disclosure of domestic violence in the United States and examines the ways in which recent responsible fatherhood initiatives may contribute to domestic violence among women on public assistance.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Center for Family Policy and Practice (formerly the Center on Fathers, Family, and Public Policy) • November 1999

Children Abducted by Family Members: A National Household Survey of Incidence and Episode Characteristics
This article presents data from the National Incidence Survey of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children pertaining to the number of children abducted by family members in 1988.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Journal of Marriage and the Family • August 1991

Family Abduction Outcomes: Factors Associated with Duration and Emotional Trauma to Children
This paper examines factors which affect the duration of, and emotional trauma caused by, the abduction of a child by their noncustodial parent.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Youth & Society • September 1996

Children Abducted by Family Members: National Estimates and Characteristics
This report uses data from the second National Incidence Study of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children to present statistics pertaining to children who are abducted by a family member during a custody battle.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention • October 2002

Characteristics of Families Using Title IV-D Services in 1999 and 2001
This report examines the characteristics of single-parent families who used the child support enforcement system in 1999 and 2001.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Office of Human Services Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • October 2004

Serving Non-Custodial Parents: A Descriptive Study of Welfare-to-Work Programs
This report describes 11 American programs which used federal welfare-to-work grant money to provide employment services to non-custodial parents.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., The Urban Institute • December 2000

Giving Noncustodial Parents Options: Employment and Child Support Outcomes of the SHARE Program - Final Report
This study examines employment, earnings, and child support payment among noncustodial fathers who participated in SHARE (Support Has A Rewarding Effect), a program operated under a welfare-to-work grant in Washington state.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. • October 2003

Renegotiating Fatherhood
This paper examines post-divorce father-child relationships in the United Kingdom, and the ways in which fathers seek to maintain positive and meaningful relationships with their children even when they are living apart.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Newcastle Centre for Family Studies • 1996

The Child Support Program: An Investment That Works
This paper outlines the merits of the American child support system and provides evidence that it renders significant benefits to children and custodial parents.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Law and Social Policy • April 2005

Nonresident Parenting and Adolescent Adjustment: The Quality of Nonresident Father-Child Interaction
This paper examines characteristics of nonresident fathers' involvement with their children and parenting styles that affect children's adjustment in adolescence.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • 2000

The Dynamics of Nonresident Fatherhood in the US, 1968-1997
This paper looks at trends over time in the likelihood that a father who is a residential parent at the time of his child's birth will eventually become nonresidential parent.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • 2001

Family Structure, Father-Child Closeness, and Social-Behavioral Outcomes for Children
This study of the relationship between family structure and child well-being suggests that negative child outcomes in single-parent families can be partly explained by a decrease in the quality of father-child relationships.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • September 15, 2000

The Complexity of Fathers’ Parenting Responsibilities and Involvement with Nonresident Children
This paper examines the complexity of parenting for non-resident fathers, and looks at how the obligations and circumstances of these arrangements affect child support and visitation.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Population Studies Center • June 2001

Moving Out: Transition to Nonresidence among Resident Fathers in the U.S., 1968-1997
This paper investigates the probability that fathers will eventually become nonresident parents, due to the dissolution of their relationship with their children's mother.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Population Studies Center • March 2004

The Effect of Child Support and Criminal Justice Systems on Low-Income Noncustodial Parents
This paper discusses the use of the criminal justice system to enforce child support, the impact of incarceration on child support obligations, and the circumstances leading to parental imprisonment, and other difficulties faced by this demographic of fathers.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Family Policy and Practice • June 2004

Daytime-Only Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, explores the prevalence of daytime-only custody provisions, and discusses why it is one of the most common post-divorce child care arrangements.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Little or No Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, explores the perceptions of, and reasons behind, father absence after divorce.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Holiday-Only Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post-Separation Parenting Arrangements, discusses the issue of parental relocation after a divorce and the holiday-only child visitation arrangements.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Points of Convergence
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, discusses key issues relating to child custody arrangements and divorce.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

"Standard" Contact
This chapter, from Parent-Child Contact and Post Separation Parenting Arrangements, examines the extent of standard contact arrangements between non-resident parents and their children.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Australian Institute of Family Studies • 2004

Non-residential Fatherhood and Child Involvement: Evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study
This paper examines unwed fathers' paternity acknowledgement and involvement with their child at birth in the United Kingdom.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion • May 2005

The Determination of Child Custody
This article outlines the history and current status of decision-making in child custody cases, discusses the decisions made by both parents and courts, and analyzes changes in arrangements over time.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Future of Children • Spring 1994

Incarceration and the Bonds Among Parents in Fragile Families
This paper investigates the effect that previous paternal incarceration has on the relationship stability and permanency of new, unmarried parents.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • Revised January 2003

Voluntary Paternity Acknowledgment
This study examines paternal involvement with children among fathers of non-marital children who voluntarily acknowledge their paternity.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Institute for Research on Poverty • May 2005

Child Support Liability and Partnership Dissolution
This paper provides evidence that increasing child support liability for non-custodial parents significantly reduces rates of parental divorce and separation in the United Kingdom.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Institute for Fiscal Studies • July 22, 2004

Charting Parenthood: A Statistical Portrait of Fathers and Mothers in America
This report uses data from national surveys to provide a comprehensive comparison of mothers and fathers on more than 40 indicators of parenting, family formation, and fertility.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Child Trends • July 09, 2002

Child Support and TANF Interaction: Literature Review
This report reviews existing literature on the role of child support payments in enabling welfare-reliant families to attain self-sufficiency.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation • April 11, 2003

Getting Noncustodial Dads Involved in the Lives of Foster Children
This report provides evidence that most children in foster care were removed from family homes in which the father was already absent.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• The Urban Institute • November 01, 2003

Restoring Fathers to Families and Communities: Six Steps for Policy Makers
This guide lays out a six-step strategy intended to encourage low-income, unwed fathers to become involved in their families and communities.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Social Policy Action Network • 2000

Disestablishing the Paternity of Non-Marital Fathers
This paper discusses the problems faced in establishing paternity in cases where the parents are not married.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Center for Law and Social Policy • March 01, 2003

Support From Both Parents
This paper looks at the need for both parents in single-parent families to financially support their children.
• Category: Family Relations > Non-custodial Parent
• Children's Defense Fund • October 01, 2002

Fathers’ Involvement in Permanency Planning and Child Welfare Casework: Literature Review
This paper provides an in-depth look at existing information on non-custodial fathers and the extent to which they are involved in the child welfare system.
• Category: Family Relations >