This comprehensive report examines the relationship between parental substance abuse and child maltreatment. It discusses issues related to understanding addiction, treatment and recovery, as well as the nature of child abuse and neglect. It also deals with the extent and scope of child maltreatment and the complexity of child and family needs in cases of parental substance abuse. Finally, it discusses possible avenues for future development and explores options for collaboration and service delivery to best meet the needs of children.