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Adolescent Motherhood  

Parent Power: what Parents Need to Know and Do to Help Prevent Teen Pregnancy
This survey of 12-19 year olds in the United States revealed that while parents think teens' friends are the biggest influence over teen sexual behaviour, teens say that parents have the most sway over their sexual decisions.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • September 30, 2003

Effects of Welfare Reform on Teenage Parents and their Children
This article discusses the effectiveness of the Teenage Parent Welfare Demonstration, a welfare-to-work program for teenage mothers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Future of Children • Summer/Fall 1995

Teen Pregnancy: An American Dilemma
This paper outlines the increasing problem of teenage pregnancy in America and suggests that its root causes are increased sexual activity at an earlier age, changing attitudes of young people towards premarital sex, and the attitudes of parents towards sex and marriage.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Marriage Project • July 16, 1998

Teenage Childbearing and Its Life Cycle Consequences: Exploiting a Natural Experiment
This study compares the outcomes of teenage mothers to those who became pregnant as teenagers, miscarried, and delayed childbearing until adulthood.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • August 1999

Science Says: The Relationship Between Teenage Motherhood and Marriage
This paper provides statistical information pertaining to teen motherhood and marriage and discusses the outcomes and consequences of teenage childbearing for women and their children.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • September 2004

Facts at a Glance: A Fact Sheet Reporting National, State-level, and City-level Trends in Teen Childbearing
This statistical compilation provides data on teen birth rates by state and major city, including number of pregnancies to teen mothers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends • June 2007

Social Backgrounds and Post-Birth Experiences of Young Parents
This paper examines the social, economic and educational backgrounds of adolescents who become parents, as well as their experiences of parenthood, marriage, and cohabitation later in life.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Joseph Rowntree Foundation • July 01, 1995

Teen Pregnancy and Birth Data: General Facts and Stats
This document provides general information about prevelance of teen pregnancy and the attitutdes towards it in the United States.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy and Unplanned Pregnancy • May 2008

Parent Power: What Parents Need to Know and Do to Help Prevent Teen Pregnancy
This article highlights how influential parents can be in preventing teen pregnancy.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy; sponsored by Johnson and Johnson Baby Products Co • September 30, 2003

Teen Births: Examining the Recent Increase
This study examines the first increase in the U.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, Child Trends • October 2008

Parental Cohabitation Experience and Adolescent Behavioral Outcomes
This paper examines the effects of parental cohabitation on the behavioural outcomes of adolescent girls.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Family and Demographic Research • January 2003

Life after Teenage Motherhood
This study examines the personal and long-term socioeconomic characteristics of mothers ages 30 to 39, comparing women who gave birth as teens to women who gave birth as adults.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • May 2008

Trends in Hispanic Teen Births: Differences Across States
The research brief provides state-level information on births to Hispanic teens.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends • November 2007

The Relationship Between Teenage Motherhood and Marriage
This research brief provides statistical information about the disadvantages teenage mothers and their children face as well as mothers' expectations to marry.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends/The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • September 2004

Science Says: The Sexual Attitudes and Behaviour of Male Teens
This fact sheet provides information on male teenagers' attitudes towards sexual activity, use of contraception, pregnancy and fatherhood.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • October 01, 2003

"Abstinence unless Married" Education
This report looks at the abstinence-unless-married education provisions set out in the 1996 reform of the federal welfare law in the United States.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Law and Social Policy • July 01, 1998

Learning, Family Formation and Dissolution
This paper examines the role of education in the formation and dissolution of marriages, cohabiting relationships and childbearing and discusses topics such as the relationship between extended education and late childbearing as well as the relationship between educational study and divorce.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Centre for Research on the Wider Benefits of Learning • June 2002

When Teen Have Sex: Issues and Trends
This report provides statistical information pertaining to teenage pregnancy, birth, and abortion rates in the United States from 1991 to 1996.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Annie E. Casey Foundation • January 01, 1999

Sexuality, Poverty, and the Inner City
This document contains two papers on poverty and sexuality in the inner-city and focuses on teenage sexual relationships and pregnancies, and the impact of increasing numbers of unwed mothers on the welfare system.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation • 1994

Repeat Teen Childbearing: Differences Across States and by Race and Ethnicity
This research brief provides statistics on repeat teen childbearing in the United States.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends • October 2007

Teen pregnancy, by outcome of pregnancy and age group, count and rate per 1,000 women, Canada, provinces and territories, 2003 to 2004
These pages provide statistics on the total number of teen pregnancies, abortions, live births and fetal losses in Canada in 2003-2004.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • December 2007

One in Three: The Case for Wanted and Welcomed Pregnancy
This paper provides a an statistical overview of unwanted pregnancies in the United States.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • May 2007

Teen Birth Rates in the United States, 1940-2005
This fact sheet shows teen birth rates in the United States from 1940-2005.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy • 2007

Vulnerable Youth: Recent Trends
This report examined the progress of different groups of vulnerable youth including youth who suffer abuse, youth living in foster care, teen mothers and teens in juvenile detention centres.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends • April 2006

Teen Childbearing in America's Largest Cities
This paper examines changes to teenage childbearing patterns in the fifty largest cities in the United States from 1991 to 1996.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Annie E. Casey Foundation • 1999

Has ‘Welfare Dependency’ Increased?
This paper examines changes in the pattern of welfare dependency among women, particularly teen mothers, and looks at factors that contribute to termination of welfare reliance.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • October 01, 1997

An Evaluation of California’s Adolescent Sibling Pregnancy Prevention Program
In this article the authors provide evidence of the effectiveness of a program designed to prevent pregnancy among the siblings of teen parents, a group found to be at an exceptionally high risk of adolescent pregnancy.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • April 01, 2003

Transmitting Values about Education: A Comparison of Black Teen Mothers and Their Nonparent Peers
This paper compares the attitudes on the value of educational attainment promoted by families of black teen mothers and non-mothers, and seeks to determine whether or not these attitudes influence their childbearing and educational decisions.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • July 01, 1996

Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood: Recent Evidence and Future Directions
This paper gives an overview of trends in teenage pregnancy and birth rates, and of recent research relating to adolescent sexual activity, pregnancy, and parenthood.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago • October 1997

Teenage Pregnancy: Trends, Contributing Factors and the Physician's Role
This article explores Canadian teen pregnancy rates compared to other countries and suggests ways physicians can engage with teens about sexual activity, contraceptives and teen pregnancy.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Canadian Medical Association • May 22, 2007

No Minor Matter: Developing a Coherent Policy on Paternity Establishment for Children Born to Underage Parents
This report discusses the importance of being able to establish paternity for children born to unmarried parents and examines the particular challenges faced when the father is a minor.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Law and Social Policy • March 01, 2004

How Does Adolescent Fertility Affect the Human Capital and Wages of Young Women?
This paper investigates the impact of teenage childbearing on the educational attainment, employment, and income of young women.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • September 01, 1997

Second or Subsequent Births to Teenagers
This study found that the rate of second or subsequent births to teenagers fell between 1993 and 2003.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • February 2007

Literature Review: Poverty, Homelessness and Teenage Pregnancy
This literature review examines causes and issues pertaining to poverty and pregnancy among teenaged women.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• First Steps Housing Project Inc. • February 2006

One-Parent Families: Characteristics, Causes, Consequences, and Issues
This study of Canadian single-parent families explores the structural and cultural causes of single-parenthood, the causes of unmarried teen births, the consequences for children living in single-parent households and the issue of children's rights.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Vanier Institute of the Family • March 2006

Teen Parent Provisions in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
This paper examines the regulations, provisions, and purposes of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, otherwise known as the Welfare Reform Act of 1996.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Law and Social Policy • November 01, 1996

The Intergenerational Effects of Early Childbearing
This report looks at long-term outcomes for children of teenage mothers and finds that these children are more likely to have low education, be unemployed, give birth as teenagers, and give birth out of wedlock.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • August 01, 1995

Job Change and Job Stability among Less-Skilled Young Workers
This paper reviews existing research relating to adolescent job stability and instability, and presents new findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY).
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • November 01, 1998

One out of Every Five: Teenage Motherhood and Subsequent Childbearing
This paper looks at the factors that influence subsequent childbearing among teenagers and examines the impact that this has on both the mother and the children.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Law and Social Policy • August 01, 1998

Health and Disabilities Services in Early Head Start: Are Families Getting Needed Health Care Services?
This paper investigates the health of children and families in the Early Head Start program, focusing on specific health concerns such as birthweight, infections, and parental mental health and its impact on child well-being.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Department of Health and Human Services • January 2004

Reversing Teen Pregnancy and Single Parenthood
This article describes the current crisis of out-of-wedlock births, explains why this is a problem for children, and provides suggestions for how to promote childbearing within marriage.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• American Experiment Quarterly • Summer 2001

Risk and Resilience in Six- and Ten-Year-Old Children
This study uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) to create an “index of adversity” to enable researchers to identify children whose development is most at risk due to various stress factors in their lives.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Human Resources Development Canada • October 01, 1998

Do Teens Make Rational Choices? The Case of Nonmarital Childbearing
This paper examines factors, particularly economic ones, that influence pregnant teenagers' decisions to give birth while unmarried.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • July 01, 1997

Health and Medical Care Costs to Society of Teen Pregnancy: Children from Birth to Age 14
This study examines the health status of children born to teenage mothers and finds that their health tends to be poorer than that of children of older mothers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • October 01, 1995

Effects of Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Motherhood on High School Dropout
Using information from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper indicates that pregnant students and young mothers are more likely to drop-out than their peers and that the risk of dropping out decreases with age.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for Research on Poverty • December 01, 1993

Teen Births Keep American Crime High
This paper examines teenage birth rates in the United States and hypothesizes that these relatively high rates can at least partly explain the country's high crime rates relative to other developed nations.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for the Study of Labor • April 2003

Hispanic Teen Pregnancy and Birth Rates: Looking Behind the Numbers
This research brief discusses data pertaining to the sexual and reproductive behaviour and outcomes of Hispanic youth.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends • February 2005

The Outcomes of Teenage Motherhood in Europe
This paper uses data from the European Community Household Panel survey to examine the well-being of women who first gave birth in adolescence, across thirteen countries in the European Union.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre • July 2001

Second Chance Homes: Providing Services for Teenage Parents and Their Children
This report examines "Second Change Homes," a strategy designed to provide safe, supportive, adult-supervised living arrangements for teenage mothers and their children who cannot live at home for a variety of reasons.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation • October 2000

Playing Catch-Up: How Children Born to Teen Mothers Fare
This paper compares the well-being of kindergarten children born to teenage mothers with those born to older mothers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • January 2005

A Matter of Choice? Explaining National Variation in Teenage Abortion and Motherhood
This report explores regional variations in abortion proportions among adolescents in the United Kingdom, and investigates the effect of demographic and socioeconomic factors, service provision, and perceived and actual barriers on teenagers' decisions concerning motherhood and abortion.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Joseph Rowntree Foundation • 2004

Adolescent Pregnancy and Parenthood in South Africa
This paper examines fertility patterns in South Africa and explores the educational, marital, fertility, economic, and employment consequences of early, premarital childbearing.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Population Council • 2000

A Cross-Cohort Examination of Nonmarital Teenage Childbearing
This paper examines the factors that contribute to the differences in teenage sexual activity and childbearing.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • October 2002

Academic and Behavioral Outcomes among the Children of Young Mothers
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper investigates the academic and behavioural outcomes for children of young mothers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Joint Center for Poverty Research • June 26, 2000

Changing Fertility Patterns, 1974 to 1994
This article discusses the fluctuations in fertility rates in Canada between 1974-1994 and pays specific attention to the increase in teenage pregnancies and out of wedlock births.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • 1996

The Role of Psychological Factors
This paper looks at the psychological factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy and parenthood.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Welfare Reform Academy • March 06, 1998

Getting a Piece of the Pie? Declining Teen Birth Rates During the 1990s
This paper investigates the possibility that unprecedented economic expansion in the United States in the 1990s contributed to declining teenage birth rates, particularly among African-American girls.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Population Studies Center • October 2002

Transitions to Adulthood for Adolescent Mothers
This paper briefly outlines the risks and challenges faced by adolescent mothers as they make the transition to adulthood.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Human Potential & Public Policy • November 29, 2000

Consistency of Self-Reports of Sexual Activity Among Young Adolescents in Jamaica
This article examines self-report data in regard to adolescent sexual activity in Jamaica, and finds that this method of data collection results in inconsistent reporting, especially among boys.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • March 2000

Does a Mother’s Age and Marital Status at Birth Affect the Probability that Her Child Will Have a Juvenile Court Record?
This research paper found that a mother’s age and marital status were significantly related to the probability that her child will receive a juvenile court record.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Washington State Institute for Public Policy • February 1996

Young Adult Fertility and the Intendedness of Births
This paper discusses the antecedents and consequences of unintended adolescent pregnancies for both men and women.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology • 2002

Interpersonal Violence and Adolescent Pregnancy: Prevalence and Implications for Practice and Policy
This paper explores the relationship between incidences of child or adolescent maltreatment and teenage pregnancy.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• National Organization on Adolescent Pregnancy, Parenting and Prevention • October 2001

An Update on State Policy Initiatives to Reduce Teen and Adult Nonmarital Childbearing
This paper reviews trends in teenage and unwed childbearing in the United States and provides an overview of changes from 1997 to 1999 in state policies designed to prevent teen pregnancy.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Urban Institute • August 2004

Sexual Health and Canadian Youth: How Do We Measure Up?
This article looks at Canadian youth rates of STD infection, pregnancy, abortion, prevalence of sexual activity, and age at first intercourse.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality • Spring/Summer 2001

Welfare Reform and Teenage Pregnancy, Childbirth, and School Dropout
This paper explores the effects of the American welfare reforms on adolescent behaviour in that country.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Russell Sage Foundation • April 15, 2003

Next Steps and Best Bets: Approaches to Preventing Adolescent Childbearing
This paper discusses the importance of programs that are designed to prevent adolescent childbearing, and suggests eleven key principles that should guide the development of new programs.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Child Trends • Updated February 2001

Explaining the Trend in Teenage Birth Rates from 1981 to 1999
This paper links changes in the teenage birthrate to shifting demographic patterns, economic trends, and changing social policies.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • Revised August 2003

Is Teen Marriage a Solution?
This paper suggests that marriage is often not the best option for pregnant teens.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Law and Social Policy • April 2002

Crisis Pregnancy Agency Statistical Report 2005: Fertility and Crisis Pregnancy Indices
This report provides statistical information pertaining to fertility in Ireland, with particular attention paid to teenage pregnancy and childbearing.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Crisis Pregnancy Agency • April 2005

Sex and Drugs
This report provides facts for teens and parents about drug use and sex.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • January 2003

Teen Fertility and Gender Inequality in Education: A Contextual Hypothesis
This article looks at whether policy efforts to reduce unintended teenage childbearing result in a narrowing of the gender gap in education.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research • December 08, 2004

Births: Preliminary Data for 2003
This report provides data on births in the United States for 2003, with results categorized according to maternal age and ethnicity.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Vital Statistics System • November 23, 2004

A League Report on Teenage Births in Rich Nations
This report provides extensive statistical information concerning teenage birth rates in the industrialized world and attempts to understand why some developed countries, such as the United States, have teenage birth rates that are dramatically higher than others.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre • July 01, 2001

Implementing Welfare Reform Requirements for Teenage Parents: Lessons from Experience in Four States
This report examines the effectiveness of several state welfare policies that require teenage mothers receiving cash assistance to attend school and live with their parents or in an adult-supervised environment.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. • October 31, 1997

Pregnancies Averted Among U.S. Teenagers By the Use of Contraceptives
This article estimates that 1.65 million pregnancies were prevented in 1995 by the use of contraceptives among teens ages 15 to 19. ...
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • February 01, 1999

Economic Correlates of Nonmarital Childbearing Among Adult Women
This study found that adult women who give birth out of wedlock have a similar socio-economic status and rate of poverty and welfare dependency as do women who give birth as adolescents.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • June 01, 1997

Factors Associated with Adolescents’ Risk For Late Entry into Prenatal Care
This article demonstrates that pregnant adolescents were more likely to enter prenatal care at a later stage in their pregnancy if they were no longer in contact with the baby's father, had no history of abortion, did not drink alcohol while pregnant, had only one sexual partner in the last year, or were unemployed.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • December 01, 1997

Into A New World: Young Women's Sexual and Reproductive Lives
This summary of a longer report discusses the sexual and reproductive lives of young women in countries around the world.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • 1998

Fact Sheet: Teen Pregnancy, Birth and Abortion
This document provides statistics on the rates of pregnancy, child birth, and abortion among American teenagers, with results categorized according to age and race/ethnicity.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States • March 01, 2002

The Extent of Pregnancy Mistiming and Its Association with Maternal Characteristics and Behaviors and Pregnancy Outcomes
This article suggests that pregnancy mistiming is only likely to have a significant negative effect on the mother and child if the timing is off by more than several months.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • August 01, 2002

Association of Early Childbearing and Low Cognitive Ability
This article demonstrates that young females with low cognitive ability have an increased likelihood of early sexual activity and teenage childbearing.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • October 01, 2002

Teenage Pregnancies, 1974 to 1994
Building on research from past studies, this article discusses the fluctuation in the pregnancy and abortion rates of teenagers in Canada since 1974.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • March 01, 1997

Factors Hindering Access to Abortion Services
This paper discusses specific obstacles facing women who are seeking abortions.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Alan Guttmacher Institute • April 01, 1995

Teenagers and Welfare Reform
This paper looks at the 1996 Welfare Reform Act as it relates to teenagers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Urban Institute • June 15, 2003

Teenage Pregnancy
This article looks at the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and abortion in Canada and finds that, while adolescent pregnancy rates have decreased, abortions have proportionately increased to over fifty percent.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • October 01, 2000

Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing: Levels and Trends in Developed Countries
This study used birth and abortion statistics from ten developed countries to provide a comparative analysis of the incidence of adolescent pregnancy.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • February 01, 2000

Abuse of Trust: Children and Youth in the Sex Trade
This article is about the 300,000 children and youth caught in the sex trade industry in North America.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Caledon Institute of Social Policy • November 01, 2000

Differences in Teenage Pregnancy Rates Among Five Developed Countries: The Roles of Sexual Activity and Contraceptive Use
This article presents the findings of a study that compared rates of sexual activity, adolescent chilbearing, contraceptive use, and abortions in Canada, the United States, Sweden, France, and Great Britain.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • December 01, 2001

Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Adolescent Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Behavior: The Case of Five Developed Countries
This comparative study examines the effect of education, race, ethnicity, immigrant status, and income on patterns of early childbearing, sexual activty, and contraceptive use in France, Sweden, Great Britain, Canada and the United States.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • December 01, 2001

Live Births Resulting From Unintended Pregnancies: Is There Variation Among States?
This article provides information about the number of live births resulting from accidental pregnancies in several states.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institue • June 01, 1999

Fact Sheet: A Look at the Real Costs of Teen Pregnancy
This fact sheet looks at the cost of teen pregnancy to taxpayers, its association with poverty and educational failure, and the outcomes of the children of teen mothers.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • March 01, 2003

Teenagers' Pregnancy Intentions And Decisions: A Study of Young Women in California Choosing To Give Birth
This study of pregnant teenagers who decided to give birth examines the various factors influencing their decision.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • December 01, 1999

Maternal Education and Risk Factors for Small-for-Gestational-Age Births
This paper studies the effect of maternal education and educational attainment on the health outcomes of infants, specifically in regards to birthweight.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Statistics Canada • October 01, 1998

The Age of Unwed Mothers: Is Teen Pregnancy the Problem?
In this paper the author argues that the growing problem of unmarried motherhood is the result of increased childbearing among unwed women in their twenties.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Institute for American Values • 1999

Childhood Poverty, Early Motherhood and Adult Social Exclusion
This paper explores the relationship between childhood poverty and early motherhood as well as the effect that these two circumstances have on financial, emotional, socio-economic and health outcomes.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion • July 01, 1999

The Effect of Maternal Employment on Teenage Childbearing
This study found that maternal employment was associated with an increased risk of teenage childbearing in both affluent and low-income families.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Center for Research on Child Wellbeing • August 01, 2003

Family Portrait (2003 Version)
This book contains a compilation of information on various family-related issues such as marriage, adoption, cohabitation, divorce, unmarried childbearing, childcare, stepfamilies, and teen issues.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• Family Research Council • August 01, 2002

TANF and the Status of Teen Mothers Under Age 18
This paper assesses the changes in teen childbearing, the living arrangements of teen mothers, and school enrollment in relation to welfare use.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Urban Institute • June 01, 2003

Age Differences Between Minors Who Give Birth and Their Adult Partners
This study investigates the percentage of births by girls aged 15 to 17 that are fathered by men at least five years older than them.
• Category: Adolescence/Youth > Adolescent Motherhood
• The Alan Guttmacher Institute • April 01, 1997

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